{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:42:21Z","timestamp":1777480941790,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union's Horizon Research and Innovation Programme","award":["101057250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101057250"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["161L0244A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["161L0244A"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ZX1905A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1905A"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ZX1905B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1905B"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ZX1905D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1905D"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ZX1905E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1905E"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["13GW0406E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13GW0406E"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Germany's Excellence Strategy","award":["EXC 2075 \u2013 390740016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2075 \u2013 390740016"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022175","name":"Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022175","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We live in an unprecedented time in oncology. We have accumulated samples and cases in cohorts larger and more complex than ever before. New technologies are available for quantifying solid or liquid samples at the molecular level. At the same time, we are now equipped with the computational power necessary to handle this enormous amount of quantitative data. Computational models are widely used helping us to substantiate and interpret data. Under the label of systems and precision medicine, we are putting all these developments together to improve and personalize the therapy of cancer. In this review, we use melanoma as a paradigm to present the successful application of these technologies but also to discuss possible future developments in patient care linked to them. Melanoma is a paradigmatic case for disruptive improvements in therapies, with a considerable number of metastatic melanoma patients benefiting from novel therapies. Nevertheless, a large proportion of patients does not respond to therapy or suffers from adverse events. Melanoma is an ideal case study to deploy advanced technologies not only due to the medical need but also to some intrinsic features of melanoma as a disease and the skin as an organ. From the perspective of data acquisition, the skin is the ideal organ due to its accessibility and suitability for many kinds of advanced imaging techniques. We put special emphasis on the necessity of computational strategies to integrate multiple sources of quantitative data describing the tumour at different scales and levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbac433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T23:17:16Z","timestamp":1666048636000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Melanoma 2.0. Skin cancer as a paradigm for emerging diagnostic technologies, computational modelling and artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3076-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Vera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4913-5822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Baur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Erdmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Shailendra","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock , Rostock 18051, Germany"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Gutt\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Heinzerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, LMU University Hospital , Munich, Germany"}]},{"given":"Markus V","family":"Heppt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Philipp Maximilian","family":"Kazmierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, LMU University Hospital , Munich, Germany"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig , 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Lischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Brigitte M","family":"P\u00fctzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center , 18057 Rostock, Germany"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Rehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"},{"name":"Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ostalecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Retzlaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theron Advisory Group , Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Wolkenhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock , Rostock 18051, Germany"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Berking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, FAU Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen and Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022112111124872900_ref1","article-title":"Global incidence and mortality of skin cancer by histological subtype and its relationship with the human development index (HDI); an ecology study in 2018","volume":"6","author":"Khazaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Cancer Res J"},{"key":"2022112111124872900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1080\/14737140.2018.1489246","article-title":"The eighth edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) melanoma staging system: implications for melanoma treatment and care","volume":"18","author":"Keung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther"},{"key":"2022112111124872900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910836","article-title":"Five-year survival with combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in advanced 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