{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T08:12:41Z","timestamp":1769847161255,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32070247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32070247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at Fudan University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Advances in spatial transcriptomics enlarge the use of single cell technologies to unveil the expression landscape of the tissues with valuable spatial context. Here, we propose an unsupervised and manifold learning-based algorithm, Spatial Transcriptome based cEll typE cLustering (STEEL), which identifies domains from spatial transcriptome by clustering beads exhibiting both highly similar gene expression profiles and close spatial distance in the manner of graphs. Comprehensive evaluation of STEEL on spatial transcriptomic datasets from 10X Visium platform demonstrates that it not only achieves a high resolution to characterize fine structures of mouse brain but also enables the integration of multiple tissue slides individually analyzed into a larger one. STEEL outperforms previous methods to effectively distinguish different cell types\/domains of various tissues on Slide-seq datasets, featuring in higher bead density but lower transcript detection efficiency. Application of STEEL on spatial transcriptomes of early-stage mouse embryos (E9.5\u2013E12.5) successfully delineates a progressive development landscape of tissues from ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm layers, and further profiles dynamic changes on cell differentiation in heart and other organs. With the advancement of spatial transcriptome technologies, our method will have great applicability on domain identification and gene expression atlas reconstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbad068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T20:47:10Z","timestamp":1677703630000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["STEEL enables high-resolution delineation of spatiotemporal transcriptomic data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yamao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6216-1235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7135-0524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023091509165344400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.002","article-title":"Highly parallel genome-wide expression profiling of individual cells using nanoliter droplets","volume":"161","author":"Macosko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023091509165344400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.028","article-title":"Molecular diversity and specializations among the cells of the adult mouse brain","volume":"174","author":"Saunders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023091509165344400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1934","article-title":"Brain structure. 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