{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T19:44:44Z","timestamp":1769283884641,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012600","name":"ShanghaiTech University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012600","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31771373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31771373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21ZR1442400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZR1442400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules play a pivotal role in antigen presentation and CD4+ T cell response. Accurate prediction of the immunogenicity of MHC class II-associated antigens is critical for vaccine design and cancer immunotherapies. However, current computational methods are limited by insufficient training data and algorithmic constraints, and the rules that govern which peptides are truly recognized by existing T cell receptors remain poorly understood. Here, we build a transfer learning-based, long short-term memory model named \u2018TLimmuno2\u2019 to predict whether epitope-MHC class II complex can elicit T cell response. Through leveraging binding affinity data, TLimmuno2 shows superior performance compared with existing models on independent validation datasets. TLimmuno2 can find real immunogenic neoantigen in real-world cancer immunotherapy data. The identification of significant MHC class II neoantigen-mediated immunoediting signal in the cancer genome atlas pan-cancer dataset further suggests the robustness of TLimmuno2 in identifying really immunogenic neoantigens that are undergoing negative selection during cancer evolution. Overall, TLimmuno2 is a powerful tool for the immunogenicity prediction of MHC class II presented epitopes and could promote the development of personalized immunotherapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbad116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T09:46:57Z","timestamp":1679651217000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["TLimmuno2: predicting MHC class II antigen immunogenicity through transfer learning"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Guangshuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, , Shanghai, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Kaixuan","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Chenxu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"}]},{"given":"Dongliang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Urology, Shuguang Hospital, , Shanghai 200120, China"}]},{"given":"Xue-Song","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, , Shanghai 201203 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center , Shanghai, China"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023052022001087300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21433","article-title":"Antigen presentation profiling reveals recognition of lymphoma immunoglobulin 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