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Consequently, the systematic identification of potential LLPS proteins is crucial for understanding the phase separation process and its biological mechanisms. A two-task predictor, Opt_PredLLPS, was developed to discover potential phase separation proteins and further evaluate their mechanism. The first task model of Opt_PredLLPS combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) through a fully connected layer, where the CNN utilizes evolutionary information features as input, and BiLSTM utilizes multimodal features as input. If a protein is predicted to be an LLPS protein, it is input into the second task model to predict whether this protein needs to interact with its partners to undergo LLPS. The second task model employs the XGBoost classification algorithm and 37 physicochemical properties following a three-step feature selection. The effectiveness of the model was validated on multiple benchmark datasets, and in silico saturation mutagenesis was used to identify regions that play a key role in phase separation. These findings may assist future research on the LLPS mechanism and the discovery of potential phase separation proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbae528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T14:02:02Z","timestamp":1729519322000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A two-task predictor for discovering phase separation proteins and their undergoing mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yetong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Dalian Maritime University , 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University , No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"College of Life Science, Northeast 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