{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:44:59Z","timestamp":1774568699240,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32370703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92169106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92169106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","award":["2021-PT180-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-PT180-001"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2022-I2M-1-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-I2M-1-021"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2021-I2M-1-061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-061"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2023-PT330-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-PT330-01"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2023-I2M-2-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-I2M-2-005"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2022-I2M-2-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-I2M-2-004"]}]},{"name":"National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China","award":["2021YFC2301305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2301305"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory","award":["GZNL2024A01015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZNL2024A01015"]}]},{"name":"General Program in Medical and Health Sciences","award":["SYW2024065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYW2024065"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Genomic reassortment is a key driver of influenza virus evolution and a major factor in pandemic emergence, as reassorted strains can exhibit significantly altered antigenicity. However, due to technical and ethical constraints, research on reassortment patterns (RPs) has been limited, impeding effective surveillance and control strategies. To address this gap, we developed FluRPId, a framework for identifying RPs based on the genetic diversity of influenza viruses. FluRPId integrates principles of reassortment diversity maximization, dominance, and epidemiological likelihood to assess the credibility of detected reassortment events. Applying FluRPId, we constructed a comprehensive reassortment landscape of influenza viruses, encompassing widespread reassortment events with high credibility, which also include most previously reported reassortment events. Our analysis revealed that the NS gene frequently reassorts with PA and NA, while reassortment involving HA, NA, and NS occurs more frequently than expected. Furthermore, we identified specific loci combinations that exhibit strong linkage during reassortment, providing insights into segment association preferences. Additionally, extensive reassortment chains were observed across all subtypes, underscoring the continuity of reassortment in influenza virus evolution. Notably, we identified significant cross-species reassortment events and characterized host adaptation changes in cross-species-transmitted viruses. Our study provides the most comprehensive reassortment landscape of influenza viruses to date, uncovering key patterns, preferences, and evolutionary continuity. These findings bridge a critical gap in macro-scale reassortment studies and offer insights for future research and control efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaf233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T07:37:32Z","timestamp":1747899452000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influenza virus reassortment patterns exhibit preference and continuity while uncovering cross-species transmission events"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , 100 Chongwen Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education , 16 Tianrong Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629 ,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , 100 Chongwen Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education , 16 Tianrong Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629 ,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Shicheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , 1055 Sanxiang Road, Gusu District, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu ,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Jingze","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , 100 Chongwen Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education , 16 Tianrong Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629 ,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , 100 Chongwen Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education , 16 Tianrong Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629 ,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , 100 Chongwen Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education , 16 Tianrong Street, Daxing District, Beijing 102629 ,","place":["China"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025052702073905300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.56.1.152-179.1992","article-title":"Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses","volume":"56","author":"Webster","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol 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