{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T01:17:04Z","timestamp":1778635024204,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"22-23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>How do nuances of scientists\u2019 attention influence what they discover? We pursue an understanding of the influences of patterns of attention on discovery with a case study about confirmations of protein\u2013protein interactions over time. We find that modeling and accounting for attention can help us to recognize and interpret biases in large-scale and widely used databases of confirmed interactions and to better understand missing data and unknowns. Additionally, we present an analysis of how awareness of patterns of attention and use of debiasing techniques can foster earlier discoveries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data is freely available at https:\/\/github.com\/urielsinger\/PPI-unbias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa1036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T17:38:58Z","timestamp":1606930738000},"page":"5269-5274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["On biases of attention in scientific discovery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8451-8533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uriel","family":"Singer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Radinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Horvitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adaptive Systems and Interaction Group, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062707305901000_btaa1036-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-018-0662-y","article-title":"Integrating node embeddings and biological annotations for genes to predict disease-gene associations","volume":"12","author":"Ata","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Syst. 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