{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T12:25:48Z","timestamp":1775478348181,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/L016044\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/L016044\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M011224\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/M011224\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline plc","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015661","name":"UCB Pharma Ltd.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca plc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The emergence of a novel strain of betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has led to a pandemic that has been associated with over 700\u00a0000 deaths as of August 5, 2020. Research is ongoing around the world to create vaccines and therapies to minimize rates of disease spread and mortality. Crucial to these efforts are molecular characterizations of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Such antibodies would be valuable for measuring vaccine efficacy, diagnosing exposure and developing effective biotherapeutics. Here, we describe our new database, CoV-AbDab, which already contains data on over 1400 published\/patented antibodies and nanobodies known to bind to at least one betacoronavirus. This database is the first consolidation of antibodies known to bind SARS-CoV-2 as well as other betacoronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. It contains relevant metadata including evidence of cross-neutralization, antibody\/nanobody origin, full variable domain sequence (where available) and germline assignments, epitope region, links to relevant PDB entries, homology models and source literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On August 5, 2020, CoV-AbDab referenced sequence information on 1402 anti-coronavirus antibodies and nanobodies, spanning 66 papers and 21 patents. Of these, 1131 bind to SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Availabilityand implementation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CoV-AbDab is free to access and download without registration at http:\/\/opig.stats.ox.ac.uk\/webapps\/coronavirus. Community submissions are encouraged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T15:32:50Z","timestamp":1597246370000},"page":"734-735","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":383,"title":["CoV-AbDab: the coronavirus antibody database"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5663-5297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew I J","family":"Raybould","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3LB, UK"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr","family":"Kovaltsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3LB, UK"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3LB, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1388-2252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte M","family":"Deane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3LB, UK"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.235","article-title":"The Protein Data Bank","volume":"28","author":"Berman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv552","article-title":"ANARCI: antigen receptor numbering and receptor classification","volume":"32","author":"Dunbar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1140","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1043","article-title":"SAbDab: the structural antibody database","volume":"42","author":"Dunbar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B4","author":"Galson","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd0827","article-title":"Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans yield a SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail","author":"Hansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023051704095258300_btaa739-B6","first-page":"339","article-title":"The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19","volume":"20","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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