{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:32:55Z","timestamp":1787506375504,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UKRI-BBSRC COVID-19","award":["BB\/V004174\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/V004174\/1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"EPSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus currently causing a pandemic. Here, we performed a combined in-silico and cell culture comparison of SARS-CoV-2 and the closely related SARS-CoV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many amino acid positions are differentially conserved between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, which reflects the discrepancies in virus behaviour, i.e. more effective human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and higher mortality associated with SARS-CoV. Variations in the S protein (mediates virus entry) were associated with differences in its interaction with ACE2 (cellular S receptor) and sensitivity to TMPRSS2 (enables virus entry via S cleavage) inhibition. Anti-ACE2 antibodies more strongly inhibited SARS-CoV than SARS-CoV-2 infection, probably due to a stronger SARS-CoV-2 S-ACE2 affinity relative to SARS-CoV S. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV displayed differences in cell tropism. Cellular ACE2 and TMPRSS2 levels did not indicate susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, we identified genomic variation between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV that may reflect the differences in their clinical and biological behaviour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btab094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T10:54:09Z","timestamp":1612522449000},"page":"2282-2288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Differentially conserved amino acid positions may reflect differences in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Denisa","family":"Bojkova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake E","family":"McGreig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie-May","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Philipps University Marburg , Marburg 35037, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart G","family":"Masterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Antczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5417-9307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Widera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Philipps University Marburg , Marburg 35037, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Kr\u00e4hling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Philipps University Marburg , Marburg 35037, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ciesek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, DZIF , Braunschweig 60596, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5428-6479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark N","family":"Wass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5710-5888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Michaelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Jindrich","family":"Cinatl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023051609120810500_btab094-B1","first-page":"D335","article-title":"PDBe: improved findability of macromolecular structure data in the PDB","volume":"48","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023051609120810500_btab094-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9040941","article-title":"Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans: a scoping review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Borges do Nascimento","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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