{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T09:01:07Z","timestamp":1770973267088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Area Support Plan of Guangdong Province for Jihua Laboratory","award":["X190051TB190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X190051TB190"]}]},{"name":"S&T Program of Hebei","award":["21377734D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21377734D"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Knowledge Graph (KG) is becoming increasingly important in the biomedical field. Deriving new and reliable knowledge from existing knowledge by KG embedding technology is a cutting-edge method. Some add a variety of additional information to aid reasoning, namely multimodal reasoning. However, few works based on the existing biomedical KGs are focused on specific diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This work develops a construction and multimodal reasoning process of Specific Disease Knowledge Graphs (SDKGs). We construct SDKG-11, a SDKG set including five cancers, six non-cancer diseases, a combined Cancer5 and a combined Diseases11, aiming to discover new reliable knowledge and provide universal pre-trained knowledge for that specific disease field. SDKG-11 is obtained through original triplet extraction, standard entity set construction, entity linking and relation linking. We implement multimodal reasoning by reverse-hyperplane projection for SDKGs based on structure, category and description embeddings. Multimodal reasoning improves pre-existing models on all SDKGs using entity prediction task as the evaluation protocol. We verify the model\u2019s reliability in discovering new knowledge by manually proofreading predicted drug\u2013gene, gene\u2013disease and disease\u2013drug pairs. Using embedding results as initialization parameters for the biomolecular interaction classification, we demonstrate the universality of embedding models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The constructed SDKG-11 and the implementation by TensorFlow are available from https:\/\/github.com\/ZhuChaoY\/SDKG-11.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T20:12:18Z","timestamp":1644264738000},"page":"2235-2245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Multimodal reasoning based on knowledge graph embedding for specific diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2132-2060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9995-9080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Jihua Laboratory, Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Robotics, Guangzhou 510000, China"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020109030175000_btac085-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4058","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00642","article-title":"Knowledge graph-based approaches to drug repurposing for COVID-19","volume":"61","author":"Al-Saleem","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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