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Accurate identification of RBPs helps to understand gene expression, regulation, etc. In recent years, some computational methods were proposed to identify RBPs. However, these methods fail to accurately identify RBPs from some specific species with limited data, such as bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we introduce a computational method called PreRBP-TL for identifying species-specific RBPs based on transfer learning. The weights of the prediction model were initialized by pretraining with the large general RBP dataset and then fine-tuned with the small species-specific RPB dataset by using transfer learning. The experimental results show that the PreRBP-TL achieves better performance for identifying the species-specific RBPs from Human, Arabidopsis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella, outperforming eight state-of-the-art computational methods. It is anticipated PreRBP-TL will become a useful method for identifying RBPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the convenience of researchers to identify RBPs, the web server of PreRBP-TL was established, freely available at http:\/\/bliulab.net\/PreRBP-TL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T20:26:09Z","timestamp":1644956769000},"page":"2135-2143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["PreRBP-TL: prediction of species-specific RNA-binding proteins based on transfer learning"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8473-7293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingcai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3685-9469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China"},{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020109023781200_btac106-B1","first-page":"265","author":"Abadi","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023020109023781200_btac106-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3300","article-title":"Predicting the sequence specificities of DNA- and RNA-binding proteins by deep learning","volume":"33","author":"Alipanahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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