{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T16:28:46Z","timestamp":1750696126701,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IDSN project","award":["031L0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031L0029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The importance of clinical data in understanding the pathophysiology of complex disorders has prompted the launch of multiple initiatives designed to generate patient-level data from various modalities. While these studies can reveal important findings relevant to the disease, each study captures different yet complementary aspects and modalities which, when combined, generate a more comprehensive picture of disease etiology. However, achieving this requires a global integration of data across studies, which proves to be challenging given the lack of interoperability of cohort datasets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Here, we present the Data Steward Tool (DST), an application that allows for semi-automatic semantic integration of clinical data into ontologies and global data models and data standards. We demonstrate the applicability of the tool in the field of dementia research by establishing a Clinical Data Model (CDM) in this domain. The CDM currently consists of 277 common variables covering demographics (e.g. age and gender), diagnostics, neuropsychological tests and biomarker measurements. The DST combined with this disease-specific data model shows how interoperability between multiple, heterogeneous dementia datasets can be achieved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The DST source code and Docker images are respectively available at https:\/\/github.com\/SCAI-BIO\/data-steward and https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/r\/phwegner\/data-steward. Furthermore, the DST is hosted at https:\/\/data-steward.bio.scai.fraunhofer.de\/data-steward.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T13:54:15Z","timestamp":1654178055000},"page":"3850-3852","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Integrative data semantics through a model-enabled data stewardship"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1159-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Wegner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mischa","family":"Uebachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB) , Bonn 53127, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2046-6145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Domingo-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Enveda Biosciences , Boulder, CO 80301, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7773-7786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasamin","family":"Salimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT (B-IT), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn , Bonn 53115, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Gebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5860-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astghik","family":"Sargsyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT (B-IT), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn , Bonn 53115, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7212-7700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin","family":"Birkenbihl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT (B-IT), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn , Bonn 53115, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Springstubbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Klockgether","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB) , Bonn 53127, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn 53127, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1379-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane","family":"Fluck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Department Knowledge Management, Information Centre for Life Sciences (ZBMED) , Bonn 53115, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9012-6720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Hofmann-Apitius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT (B-IT), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn , Bonn 53115, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9896-3531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alpha Tom","family":"Kodamullil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Co , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"mputing (SCAI) , Sankt Augustin 53754, Germany"},{"name":"Causality Biomodels, Kinfra Hi-Tech Park, Kalamassery , Cochin, Kerala 683503, India"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041405350728100_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-020-00216-z","article-title":"Differences in cohort study data affect external validation of artificial intelligence models for predictive diagnostics of dementia-lessons for 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