{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:46:54Z","timestamp":1779914814649,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["778247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["778247"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["823886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["823886"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["648030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["648030"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018874","name":"Labex EpiGenMed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-LABX-12-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-LABX-12-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MUSE-App 2021","award":["ANR-16-IDEX-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-16-IDEX-0006"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"French National Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-19-P3IA-0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-19-P3IA-0004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poly-alanine (polyA) regions are protein stretches mostly composed of alanines. Despite their abundance in eukaryotic proteomes and their association to nine inherited human diseases, the structural and functional roles exerted by polyA stretches remain poorly understood. In this work we study how the amino acid context in which polyA regions are settled in proteins influences their structure and function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified glycine and proline as the most abundant amino acids within polyA and in the flanking regions of polyA tracts, in human proteins as well as in 17 additional eukaryotic species. Our analyses indicate that the non-structuring nature of these two amino acids influences the \u03b1-helical conformations predicted for polyA, suggesting a relevant role in reducing the inherent aggregation propensity of long polyA. Then, we show how polyA position in protein N-termini relates with their function as transit peptides. PolyA placed just after the initial methionine is often predicted as part of mitochondrial transit peptides, whereas when placed in downstream positions, polyA are part of signal peptides. A few examples from known structures suggest that short polyA can emerge by alanine substitutions in \u03b1-helices; but evolution by insertion is observed for longer polyA. Our results showcase the importance of studying the sequence context of homorepeats as a mechanism to shape their structure\u2013function relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The datasets used and\/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author onreasonable request.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T14:14:41Z","timestamp":1663251281000},"page":"4851-4858","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The sequence context in poly-alanine regions: structure, function and conservation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3663-2352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Mier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , 55128 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos A","family":"Elena-Real","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS , 34090 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAAS-CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, CNRS , Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pau","family":"Bernad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS , 34090 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A","family":"Andrade-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , 55128 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2005.04.003","article-title":"The other trinucleotide repeat: polyalanine expansion disorders","volume":"15","author":"Albrecht","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201900429","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.201900429","article-title":"Detecting sequence signals in targeting peptides using deep learning","volume":"2","author":"Almagro Armenteros","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci. Alliance"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh251","article-title":"Polyalanine expansions in human","volume":"13","author":"Amiel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1006\/jsbi.2001.4392","article-title":"Protein repeats: structures, functions, and evolution","volume":"134","author":"Andrade","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Struct. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9200","DOI":"10.1021\/bi201155g","article-title":"Length-dependent aggregation of uninterrupted polyalanine peptides","volume":"50","author":"Bernacki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.10.053","article-title":"Oligoproline effects on polyglutamine conformation and aggregation","volume":"355","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2003.11.002","article-title":"Alanine tracts: the expanding story of human illness and trinucleotide repeats","volume":"20","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D437","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1038","article-title":"RCSB protein data bank: powerful new tools for exploring 3D structures of biological macromolecules for basic and applied research and education in fundamental biology, biomedicine, biotechnology, bioengineering and energy sciences","volume":"49","author":"Burley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3441","article-title":"Constraints and consequences of the emergence of amino acid repeats in eukaryotic proteins","volume":"24","author":"Chavali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-020-0204-1","article-title":"Amino acid repeats in proteins","volume":"4","author":"Chavali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Chem"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15352","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406657101","article-title":"The polyproline II conformation in short alanine peptides is noncooperative","volume":"101","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9036","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200703376","article-title":"Spin relaxation enhancement confirms dominance of extended conformations in short alanine peptides","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072289","article-title":"Musashi-1: an example of how polyalanine tracts contribute to self-association in the intrinsically disordered regions of RNA-binding proteins","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22122027","article-title":"Intrinsic disorder in proteins with pathogenic repeat expansions","volume":"22","author":"Darling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.5.1192","article-title":"The structure of the tetratricopeptide repeats of protein phosphatase 5: implications for TPR-mediated protein-protein interactions","volume":"17","author":"Das","year":"1998","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32851","article-title":"Clinical study of two brothers with a novel 33\u00a0bp duplication in the ARX gene","volume":"149A","author":"Demos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","article-title":"MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput","volume":"5","author":"Edgar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09923-2","article-title":"Side chain to main chain hydrogen bonds stabilize a polyglutamine helix in a transcription factor","volume":"10","author":"Escobedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2020.07.026","article-title":"Predicting secondary structure propensities in IDPs using simple statistics from three-residue fragments","volume":"432","author":"Esta\u00f1a","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.8.6.1358","article-title":"Simple sequence is abundant in eukaryotic proteins","volume":"8","author":"Golding","year":"1999","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00891a035","article-title":"A conformation examination of poly-L-alanine and poly-D, L-alanine in aqueous solution","volume":"85","author":"Gratzer","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021583","article-title":"The hydrophobic region of signal peptides is a determinant for SRP recognition and protein translocation across the ER membrane","volume":"121","author":"Hatsuzawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biochem"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7481","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43926-9","article-title":"Structural and dynamic studies reveal that the ala-rich region of ataxin-7 initiates \u03b1-helix formation of the polyQ tract but suppresses its aggregation","volume":"9","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1876-1623(10)79002-7","article-title":"Protein homorepeats: sequences, structures, evolution, and function","volume":"79","author":"Jorda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Prot. Chem. Struct. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2011.08.009","article-title":"Tandem repeats in proteins: from sequence to structure","volume":"179","author":"Kajava","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Struct. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10101413","article-title":"Evolutionary study of disorder in protein sequences","volume":"10","author":"Kastano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.9.6.1203","article-title":"Amino acid repeat patterns in protein sequences: their diversity and structural-functional implications","volume":"9","author":"Katti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2010.07720.x","article-title":"Single amino acid repeats in signal peptides","volume":"277","author":"Labaj","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm404","article-title":"Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0","volume":"23","author":"Larkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg329","article-title":"Polymorphism, shared functions and convergent evolution of genes with sequences coding for polyalanine domains","volume":"12","author":"Lavoie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26941","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26941","article-title":"Non-random distribution of homo-repeats: links with biological functions and human diseases","volume":"6","author":"Lobanov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D394","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr1019","article-title":"ProRepeat: an integrated repository for studying amino acid tandem repeats in proteins","volume":"40","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw790","article-title":"dAPE: a web server to detect homorepeats and follow their evolution","volume":"8","author":"Mier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evy046","article-title":"Glutamine codon usage and polyQ evolution in primates depend on the Q stretch length","volume":"10","author":"Mier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-020-01626-3","article-title":"The features of polyglutamine regions depend on their evolutionary stability","volume":"20","author":"Mier","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Evol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.25250","article-title":"Context characterization of amino acid homorepeats using evolution, position, and order","volume":"85","author":"Mier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-018-2457-y","article-title":"Automated selection of homologs to track the evolutionary history of proteins","volume":"19","author":"Mier","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbz007","article-title":"Disentangling the complexity of low complexity proteins","volume":"21","author":"Mier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2020.01.012","article-title":"The importance of definitions in the study of polyQ regions: a tale of thresholds, impurities and sequence context","volume":"18","author":"Mier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s003350010029","article-title":"Evolution of N-terminal sequences of the vertebrate HOXA13 protein","volume":"11","author":"Mortlock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mamm. Genome"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113042","article-title":"Trinucleotide repeat disorders","volume":"30","author":"Orr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2018.06.003","article-title":"A comprehensive review of signal peptides: structure, roles, and applications","volume":"6","author":"Owji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3402","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu049","article-title":"Association of polyalanine and polyglutamine coiled coils mediates expansion disease-related protein aggregation and dysfunction","volume":"23","author":"Pelassa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00125","article-title":"4,6-Diaminopyrimidines as highly preferred troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K) inhibitors","volume":"61","author":"Philp","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6669","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.520189","article-title":"Misfolded polyglutamine, polyalanine, and superoxide dismutase 1 aggregate via distinct pathways in the cell","volume":"289","author":"Polling","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3127","article-title":"Polyalanine expansions drive a shift into \u03b1-helical clusters without amyloid-fibril formation","volume":"22","author":"Polling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/16.10.915","article-title":"CAST: an iterative algorithm for the complexity analysis of sequence tracts. Complexity analysis of sequence tracts","volume":"16","author":"Promponas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30824","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030824","article-title":"Polyglutamine repeats are associated to specific sequence biases that are conserved among eukaryotes","volume":"7","author":"Ramazzotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.02.003","article-title":"The biology of huntingtin","volume":"89","author":"Saudou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.18065","article-title":"Control of the structural landscape and neuronal proteotoxicity of mutant huntingtin by domains flanking the polyQ tract","volume":"5","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9190","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.112193999","article-title":"Polyproline II structure in a sequence of seven alanine residues","volume":"99","author":"Shi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5434-2_12","article-title":"Polyalanine tract disorders and neurocognitive phenotypes","volume":"769","author":"Shoubridge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0170801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170801","article-title":"The protein structure context of PolyQ regions","volume":"12","author":"Totzeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D480","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1100","article-title":"UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase in 2021","volume":"49","author":"UniProt Consortium","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2020.04.008","article-title":"Flanking regions determine the structure of the poly-glutamine in Huntingtin through mechanisms common among glutamine-rich human proteins","volume":"28","author":"Urbanek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201900583","article-title":"Site-specific isotopic labeling (SSIL): access to high-resolution structural and dynamic information in low-complexity proteins","volume":"21","author":"Urbanek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chembiochem"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6589","DOI":"10.1021\/cr400525m","article-title":"Classification of intrinsically disordered regions and proteins","volume":"114","author":"van der Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Rev"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868635","article-title":"The signal peptide","volume":"3","author":"Von Heijne","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Membr. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2012.01.030","article-title":"Physical chemistry of polyglutamine: intriguing tales of a monotonous sequence","volume":"421","author":"Wetzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107791","article-title":"MZT proteins form multi-faceted structural modules in the \u03b3-tubulin ring complex","volume":"31","author":"Wieczorek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(96)66035-2","article-title":"Analysis of compositionally biased regions in sequence databases","volume":"266","author":"Wootton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2022103112491344800_btac610-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12122","article-title":"mTOR kinase structure, mechanism and regulation","volume":"497","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac610\/45869630\/btac610.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/38\/21\/4851\/46698019\/btac610.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/38\/21\/4851\/46698019\/btac610.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]],"date-time":"2023-02-18T04:32:27Z","timestamp":1676694747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article\/38\/21\/4851\/6700650"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac610","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4803","type":"print"},{"value":"1367-4811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]}}}