{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:42:59Z","timestamp":1753875779849,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Transcriptomic data can be used to describe the mechanism of action (MOA) of a chemical compound. However, omics data tend to be complex and prone to noise, making the comparison of different datasets challenging. Often, transcriptomic profiles are compared at the level of individual gene expression values, or sets of differentially expressed genes. Such approaches can suffer from underlying technical and biological variance, such as the biological system exposed on or the machine\/method used to measure gene expression data, technical errors and further neglect the relationships between the genes. We propose a network mapping approach for knowledge-driven comparison of transcriptomic profiles (KNeMAP), which combines genes into similarity groups based on multiple levels of prior information, hence adding a higher-level view onto the individual gene view. When comparing KNeMAP with fold change (expression) based and deregulated gene set-based methods, KNeMAP was able to group compounds with higher accuracy with respect to prior information as well as is less prone to noise corrupted data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We applied KNeMAP to analyze the Connectivity Map dataset, where the gene expression changes of three cell lines were analyzed after treatment with 676 drugs as well as the Fortino et al. dataset where two cell lines with 31 nanomaterials were analyzed. Although the expression profiles across the biological systems are highly different, KNeMAP was able to identify sets of compounds that induce similar molecular responses when exposed on the same biological system.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Relevant data and the KNeMAP function is available at: https:\/\/github.com\/fhaive\/KNeMAP and 10.5281\/zenodo.7334711.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btad341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T01:42:28Z","timestamp":1684978948000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["KNeMAP: a network mapping approach for knowledge-driven comparison of transcriptomic 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Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Fratello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE) , 33520 Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Ghemtio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , 00790 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Lieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Services, Landspitali University Hospital , 101 Reykjavik, 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Institute for Advanced Study , 33520 Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE) , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Tampere Institute for Advanced Study , 33520 Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9195-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University , 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated 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