{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T01:54:21Z","timestamp":1781920461547,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Motivation: Spiders in the genus Loxosceles, including the notoriously toxic brown recluse, cause severe necrotic skin lesions owing to the presence of a venom enzyme called sphingomyelinase D (SMaseD). This enzyme activity is unknown elsewhere in the animal kingdom but is shared with strains of pathogenic Corynebacteria that cause various illnesses in farm animals. The presence of the same toxic activity only in distantly related organisms poses an interesting and medically important question in molecular evolution.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: We use superpositions of recently determined structures and sequence comparisons to infer that both bacterial and spider SMaseDs originated from a common, broadly conserved domain family, the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterases. We also identify a unique sequence\/structure motif present in both SMaseDs but not in the ancestral family, supporting SMaseD origin through a single divergence event in either bacteria or spiders, followed by lateral gene transfer from one lineage to the other.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: cordes@email.arizona.edu; binford@lclark.edu<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T03:03:48Z","timestamp":1133924628000},"page":"264-268","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Lateral gene transfer of a dermonecrotic toxin between spiders and bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Matthew H. J.","family":"Cordes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Arizona 1 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta J.","family":"Binford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Lewis and Clark College 2 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 Portland, OR 97219, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012408330252000_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023012408330252000_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3983643","article-title":"Comparative toxinology of Loxosceles reclusa and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis","volume":"228","author":"Bernheimer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023012408330252000_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(03)00045-9","article-title":"The phylogenetic distribution of sphingomyelinase D activity in venoms of Haplogyne spiders","volume":"135","author":"Binford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comp. 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