{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T23:06:12Z","timestamp":1773270372373,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Motivation: In high-dimensional phenotyping screens, a large number of cellular features is observed after perturbing genes by knockouts or RNA interference. Comprehensive analysis of perturbation effects is one of the most powerful techniques for attributing functions to genes, but not much work has been done so far to adapt statistical and computational methodology to the specific needs of large-scale and high-dimensional phenotyping screens.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: We introduce and compare probabilistic methods to efficiently infer a genetic hierarchy from the nested structure of observed perturbation effects. These hierarchies elucidate the structures of signaling pathways and regulatory networks. Our methods achieve two goals: (1) they reveal clusters of genes with highly similar phenotypic profiles, and (2) they order (clusters of) genes according to subset relationships between phenotypes. We evaluate our algorithms in the controlled setting of simulation studies and show their practical use in two experimental scenarios: (1) a data set investigating the response to microbial challenge in Drosophila melanogaster, and (2) a compendium of expression profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae knockout strains. We show that our methods identify biologically justified genetic hierarchies of perturbation effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability: The software used in our analysis is freely available in the R package \u2018nem\u2019 from www.bioconductor.org<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: ogt@cs.princeton.edu<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,23]],"date-time":"2007-07-23T16:13:46Z","timestamp":1185207226000},"page":"i305-i312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Nested effects models for high-dimensional phenotyping screens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Markowetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA, 2Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestra\u00dfe 63-73, 14195 Berlin and 3Institute for Functional Genomics, Computational Diagnostics Group, University of Regensburg, Josef Engertstr. 9, 93503 Regensburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Kostka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA, 2Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestra\u00dfe 63-73, 14195 Berlin and 3Institute for Functional Genomics, Computational Diagnostics Group, University of Regensburg, Josef Engertstr. 9, 93503 Regensburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Olga G.","family":"Troyanskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA, 2Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestra\u00dfe 63-73, 14195 Berlin and 3Institute for Functional Genomics, Computational Diagnostics Group, University of Regensburg, Josef Engertstr. 9, 93503 Regensburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Spang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA, 2Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestra\u00dfe 63-73, 14195 Berlin and 3Institute for Functional Genomics, Computational Diagnostics Group, University of Regensburg, Josef Engertstr. 9, 93503 Regensburg, Germany"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062708513314600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.1061","article-title":"Searching for Bayesian network structures in the space of restricted acyclic partially directed graphs","volume":"18","author":"Acid","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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