{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T20:09:33Z","timestamp":1774123773363,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Summary: The interpretation of genome-wide association results is confounded by linkage disequilibrium between nearby alleles. We have developed a flexible bioinformatics query tool for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify and to annotate nearby SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (proxies) based on HapMap. By offering functionality to generate graphical plots for these data, the SNAP server will facilitate interpretation and comparison of genome-wide association study results, and the design of fine-mapping experiments (by delineating genomic regions harboring associated variants and their proxies).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability: SNAP server is available at http:\/\/www.broad.mit.edu\/mpg\/snap\/.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0debakker@broad.mit.edu<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,31]],"date-time":"2008-10-31T00:34:37Z","timestamp":1225413277000},"page":"2938-2939","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1179,"title":["SNAP: a web-based tool for identification and annotation of proxy SNPs using HapMap"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Handsaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Sara L.","family":"Pulit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Marcia M.","family":"Nizzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Paul I. W.","family":"de Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"1 The Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, 3Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School-Partners HealthCare Center for Genetics and Genomics, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215 and 4Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020212295023600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth457","article-title":"Haploview: analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps","volume":"21","author":"Barrett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023020212295023600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06258","article-title":"A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs","volume":"449","author":"The International HapMap Consortium","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023020212295023600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1142842","article-title":"A common variant on chromosome 9p21 affects the risk of myocardial infarction","volume":"316","author":"Helgadottir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023020212295023600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti587","article-title":"GeneCruiser: a web service for the annotation of microarray data","volume":"21","author":"Liefeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023020212295023600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2088","article-title":"A new multipoint method for genome-wide association studies by imputation of genotypes","volume":"39","author":"Marchini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. 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