{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:01:09Z","timestamp":1761058869103},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,2]],"date-time":"2016-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2880,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0\/uk\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Summary: Cross-mapping of gene and protein identifiers between different databases is a tedious and time-consuming task. To overcome this, we developed CRONOS, a cross-reference server that contains entries from five mammalian organisms presented by major gene and protein information resources. Sequence similarity analysis of the mapped entries shows that the cross-references are highly accurate. In total, up to 18 different identifier types can be used for identification of cross-references. The quality of the mapping could be improved substantially by exclusion of ambiguous gene and protein names which were manually validated. Organism-specific lists of ambiguous terms, which are valuable for a variety of bioinformatics applications like text mining are available for download.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability: CRONOS is freely available to non-commercial users at http:\/\/mips.gsf.de\/genre\/proj\/cronos\/index.html, web services are available at http:\/\/mips.gsf.de\/CronosWSService\/CronosWS?wsdl.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0brigitte.waegele@helmholtz-muenchen.de<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Supplementary information: \u00a0Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. The online Supplementary Material contains all figures and tables referenced by this article.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,15]],"date-time":"2008-11-15T01:14:25Z","timestamp":1226711665000},"page":"141-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["CRONOS: the cross-reference navigation server"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Waegele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]},{"given":"Irmtraud","family":"Dunger-Kaltenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]},{"given":"Gisela","family":"Fobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]},{"given":"Corinna","family":"Montrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]},{"given":"H.-Werner","family":"Mewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"},{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Ruepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (MIPS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg and 2Chair of Genome-oriented Bioinformatics, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Life and Food Science Center Weihenstephan, Am Forum 1, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023013110030385400_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R27","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2003-4-4-r27","article-title":"MatchMiner: a tool for batch navigation among gene and gene product identifiers","volume":"4","author":"Bussey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-401","article-title":"The Protein Identifier Cross-Referencing (PICR) service: reconciling protein identifiers across multiple source databases","volume":"8","author":"Cote","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D707","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm988","article-title":"Ensembl 2008","volume":"36","author":"Flicek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1086\/514346","article-title":"Mendelian inheritance in man and its online version, OMIM","volume":"80","author":"McKusick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-001-0615-0","article-title":"The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)","volume":"109","author":"Povey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D61","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl842","article-title":"NCBI reference sequences (RefSeq): a curated non-redundant sequence database of genomes, transcripts and proteins","volume":"35","author":"Pruitt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023013110030385400_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D190","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm895","article-title":"The universal protein resource (UniProt)","volume":"36","author":"The UniProt Consortium","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."}],"container-title":["Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/25\/1\/141\/48982769\/bioinformatics_25_1_141.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/25\/1\/141\/48982769\/bioinformatics_25_1_141.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T19:26:19Z","timestamp":1675193179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article\/25\/1\/141\/304041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,13]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn590","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-4811","1367-4803"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4811","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1367-4803","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,13]]}}}