{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:26:20Z","timestamp":1776277580010,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Motivation: Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with tiling microarray (chip) experiments have been used in a wide range of biological studies such as identification of transcription factor binding sites and investigation of DNA methylation and histone modification. Hidden Markov models are widely used to model the spatial dependency of ChIP-chip data. However, parameter estimation for these models is typically either heuristic or suboptimal, leading to inconsistencies in their applications. To overcome this limitation and to develop an efficient software, we propose a hidden ferromagnetic Ising model for ChIP-chip data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: We have developed a simple, but powerful Bayesian hierarchical model for ChIP-chip data via a hidden Ising model. Metropolis within Gibbs sampling algorithm is used to simulate from the posterior distribution of the model parameters. The proposed model naturally incorporates the spatial dependency of the data, and can be used to analyze data with various genomic resolutions and sample sizes. We illustrate the method using three publicly available datasets and various simulated datasets, and compare it with three closely related methods, namely TileMap HMM, tileHMM and BAC. We find that our method performs as well as TileMap HMM and BAC for the high-resolution data from Affymetrix platform, but significantly outperforms the other three methods for the low-resolution data from Agilent platform. Compared with the BAC method which also involves MCMC simulations, our method is computationally much more efficient.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability: A software called iChip is freely available at http:\/\/www.bioconductor.org\/.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0moq@mskcc.org<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T01:26:27Z","timestamp":1264728387000},"page":"777-783","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A hidden Ising model for ChIP-chip data analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Qianxing","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 and2 Department of Statistics,Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 88343, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faming","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 and2 Department of Statistics,Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 88343, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012508012264900_B1","volume-title":"Exactly Solved Models in Statistical Mechanics","author":"Baxter","year":"1982","edition":"1st"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"An equality and associated maximization technique in statistical estimation for probabilistic functions of Markov processes","volume":"3","author":"Baum","year":"1972","journal-title":"Inequalities"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B3","first-page":"733","article-title":"On conditional and intrinsic autoregressions","volume":"82","author":"Besag","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.08.020","article-title":"Core transcriptional regulatory circuitry in human embryonic stem cells","volume":"122","author":"Boyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R97","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2005-6-11-r97","article-title":"ChIPOTle: a user-friendly tool for the analysis of ChIP-chip data","volume":"6","author":"Buck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00127-8","article-title":"Unbiased mapping of transcription factor binding sites along human chromosomes 21 and 22 points to widespread regulation of noncoding RNAs","volume":"116","author":"Cawley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2007.00899.x","article-title":"A Flexible and powerful Bayesian hierarchical model for ChIP-chip experiments","volume":"64","author":"Gottardo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-343","article-title":"Parameter estimation for robust HMM analysis of ChIP-chip data","volume":"9","author":"Humburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023012508012264900_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-21811-3_3","article-title":"A tutorial on image analysis","volume":"173","author":"Hurn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lect. 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