{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T08:45:28Z","timestamp":1776761128958,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Motivation: Although results from phase III clinical trials substantially support the use of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against cancer, what has yet to be defined is how many and how frequent boosts are needed to sustain a long-lasting and protecting memory T-cell response against tumor antigens. Common experience is that such preclinical tests require the sacrifice of a relatively large number of animals, and are particularly time- and money-consuming.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: As a first step to overcome these hurdles, we have developed an ordinary differential equation model that includes all relevant entities (such as activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and memory T cells), and investigated the induction of immunological memory in the context of wild-type mice injected with a dendritic cell-based vaccine. We have simulated the biological behavior both in the presence and in the absence of memory T cells. Comparing results of ex vivo and in silico experiments, we show that the model is able to envisage the expansion and persistence of antigen-specific memory T cells. The model might be applicable to more complex vaccination schedules and substantially in any biological condition of prime-boosting.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability and implementation: The model is fully described in the article.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0fp@francescopappalardo.net<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Supplementary information: \u00a0Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T02:57:42Z","timestamp":1394161062000},"page":"1884-1891","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Induction of T-cell memory by a dendritic cell vaccine: a computational model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marzio","family":"Pennisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Ricupito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Topputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bellone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Drug Science and 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, 3San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universit\u00e0 Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, 4Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano and 5San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012711153453900_btu059-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/32588","article-title":"Dendritic cells and the control of immunity","volume":"392","author":"Banchereau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023012711153453900_btu059-B2","first-page":"3688","article-title":"Critical impact of the kinetics of dendritic cells activation on the in vivo induction of tumor-specific T lymphocytes","volume":"63","author":"Camporeale","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2023012711153453900_btu059-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1051\/mmnp\/20127304","article-title":"A modeling framework for immune-related diseases","volume":"7","author":"Castiglione","year":"2012","journal-title":"Math. 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