{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T13:02:16Z","timestamp":1775826136434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Summary: Genotype imputation is a key step in the analysis of genome-wide association studies. Upcoming very large reference panels, such as those from The 1000 Genomes Project and the Haplotype Consortium, will improve imputation quality of rare and less common variants, but will also increase the computational burden. Here, we demonstrate how the application of software engineering techniques can help to keep imputation broadly accessible. Overall, these improvements speed up imputation by an order of magnitude compared with our previous implementation.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability and implementation: minimac2, including source code, documentation, and examples is available at http:\/\/genome.sph.umich.edu\/wiki\/Minimac2<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0cfuchsb@umich.edu, goncalo@umich.edu<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]],"date-time":"2014-10-23T00:08:46Z","timestamp":1414022926000},"page":"782-784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":613,"title":["minimac2: faster genotype imputation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Fuchsberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a01Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and 223andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Gon\u00e7alo R.","family":"Abecasis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a01Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and 223andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Hinds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 \u00a01Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and 223andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020116162612200_btu704-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.01.005","article-title":"A unified approach to genotype imputation and haplotype phase inference for large data sets of trios and unrelated individuals","volume":"84","author":"Browning","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2023020116162612200_btu704-B2","first-page":"252","article-title":"Faster sequential genetic linkage computations","volume":"53","author":"Cottingham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2023020116162612200_btu704-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3021","article-title":"Whole-genome sequence variation, population structure and demographic history of the Dutch population","volume":"46","author":"Francioli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2023020116162612200_btu704-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/75514","article-title":"Allegro, a new computer program for multipoint linkage analysis","volume":"25","author":"Gudbjartsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. 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