{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T03:13:56Z","timestamp":1775704436386,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201300046C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201300046C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201300047C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201300047C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201300048C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201300048C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201300049C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201300049C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Summary: PRIMUS is a pedigree reconstruction algorithm that uses estimates of genome-wide identity by descent to reconstruct pedigrees consistent with observed genetic data. However, when genetic data for individuals within a pedigree are missing, often multiple pedigrees can be reconstructed that fit the data. We report a major expansion of PRIMUS that uses mitochondrial (mtDNA) and non-recombining Y chromosome (NRY) haplotypes to eliminate many pedigree structures that are inconsistent with the genetic data. We demonstrate that discordances in mtDNA and NRY haplotypes substantially reduce the number of potential pedigrees, and often lead to the identification of the correct pedigree.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Availability and Implementation: We have implemented PRIMUS updates in PERL and it is available at primus.gs.washington.edu.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Contact: \u00a0debnick@uw.edu or jennifer.e.below@uth.tmc.edu<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Supplementary information: \u00a0Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T02:48:35Z","timestamp":1446173315000},"page":"596-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["PRIMUS: improving pedigree reconstruction using mitochondrial and Y haplotypes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Staples","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynette","family":"Ekunwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 College of Public Service, Jackson State University, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS 39213, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Nickerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E.","family":"Below","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020110351018000_btv618-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1086\/514862","article-title":"Accurate inference of relationships in sib-pair linkage studies","volume":"61","author":"Boehnke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. 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Epidemiol."},{"key":"2023020110351018000_btv618-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.10.005","article-title":"PRIMUS: rapid reconstruction of pedigrees from genome-wide estimates of identity by descent","volume":"95","author":"Staples","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2023020110351018000_btv618-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1159\/000067666","article-title":"Enhanced pedigree error detection","volume":"54","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. 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