{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T01:04:22Z","timestamp":1770339862800,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R00HG008175, NLM R01HG007078, R21LM012060 and U54HL108460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00HG008175, NLM R01HG007078, R21LM012060 and U54HL108460"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We introduce PRINCESS, a privacy-preserving international collaboration framework for analyzing rare disease genetic data that are distributed across different continents. PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy computation. Unlike a traditional international collaboration model, where individual-level patient DNA are physically centralized at a single site, PRINCESS performs a secure and distributed computation over encrypted data, fulfilling institutional policies and regulations for protected health information.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To demonstrate PRINCESS\u2019 performance and feasibility, we conducted a family-based allelic association study for Kawasaki Disease, with data hosted in three different continents. The experimental results show that PRINCESS provides secure and accurate analyses much faster than alternative solutions, such as homomorphic encryption and garbled circuits (over 40 000\u00d7 faster).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Availability and Implementation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>https:\/\/github.com\/achenfengb\/PRINCESS_opensource<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T12:07:52Z","timestamp":1479902872000},"page":"871-878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["PRINCESS: Privacy-protecting Rare disease International Network Collaboration via Encryption through Software guard extensionS"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Sijie","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Jihoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"S Cenk","family":"Sahinalp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA"}]},{"given":"Chisato","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Jane C","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Victoria J","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Png","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Institute of Singapore, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore"}]},{"given":"Martin L","family":"Hibberd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Institute of Singapore, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore"}]},{"given":"David D","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Amalio","family":"Telenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Cinnamon S","family":"Bloss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Dov","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Law, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Lauter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cryptography Group, Microsoft Research, San Diego, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Lucila","family":"Ohno-Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health System Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020204513658100_btw758-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280504400812","article-title":"Kawasaki disease hospitalizations in a predominantly African-American population","volume":"44","author":"Abuhammour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. 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