{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T06:05:45Z","timestamp":1768802745729,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["103-2221-E-151-029-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["103-2221-E-151-029-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104-2221-E-214 -035 -MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104-2221-E-214 -035 -MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["105-2811-E-151-002-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["105-2811-E-151-002-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Detecting epistatic interactions in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is a computational challenge. Such huge numbers of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) combinations limit the some of the powerful algorithms to be applied to detect the potential epistasis in large-scale SNP datasets.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Approach<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We propose a new algorithm which combines the differential evolution (DE) algorithm with a classification based multifactor-dimensionality reduction (CMDR), termed DECMDR. DECMDR uses the CMDR as a fitness measure to evaluate values of solutions in DE process for scanning the potential statistical epistasis in GWAS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results indicated that DECMDR outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of detection success rate by the large simulation and real data obtained from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. For running time comparison, DECMDR can efficient to apply the CMDR to detect the significant association between cases and controls amongst all possible SNP combinations in GWAS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Availability and Implementation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DECMDR is freely available at https:\/\/goo.gl\/p9sLuJ.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,21]],"date-time":"2017-03-21T19:01:36Z","timestamp":1490122896000},"page":"2354-2362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["CMDR based differential evolution identifies the epistatic interaction in genome-wide association studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Li-Yeh","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Yu-Da","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023063012494233600_btx163-B2","author":"Bateson","year":"2013"},{"key":"2023063012494233600_btx163-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05911","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3000 shared controls","volume":"447","author":"Burton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023063012494233600_btx163-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl347","article-title":"Parallel multifactor dimensionality reduction: a tool for the large-scale analysis of gene\u2013gene interactions","volume":"22","author":"Bush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023063012494233600_btx163-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-238","article-title":"Alternative contingency table measures improve the power and detection of multifactor dimensionality reduction","volume":"9","author":"Bush","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023063012494233600_btx163-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-012-1214-y","article-title":"A genome-wide association study of breast cancer in women of African ancestry","volume":"132","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. 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