{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:55:06Z","timestamp":1783119306826,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]],"date-time":"2018-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP10\/00524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP10\/00524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CPII16\/00026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPII16\/00026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI13\/00082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI13\/00082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PT13\/0001\/0023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT13\/0001\/0023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010677","name":"H2020 Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["634143 (MedBioinformatics)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["634143 (MedBioinformatics)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010677","name":"H2020 Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["676559 (Elixir-Excelerate)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["676559 (Elixir-Excelerate)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study of comorbidities is a major priority due to their impact on life expectancy, quality of life and healthcare cost. The availability of electronic health records (EHRs) for data mining offers the opportunity to discover disease associations and comorbidity patterns from the clinical history of patients gathered during routine medical care. This opens the need for analytical tools for detection of disease comorbidities, including the investigation of their underlying genetic basis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We present comoRbidity, an R package aimed at providing a systematic and comprehensive analysis of disease comorbidities from both the clinical and molecular perspectives. comoRbidity leverages from (i) user provided clinical data from EHR databases (the clinical comorbidity analysis) and (ii) genotype-phenotype information of the diseases under study (the molecular comorbidity analysis) for a comprehensive analysis of disease comorbidities. The clinical comorbidity analysis enables identifying significant disease comorbidities from clinical data, including sex and age stratification and temporal directionality analyses, while the molecular comorbidity analysis supports the generation of hypothesis on the underlying mechanisms of the disease comorbidities by exploring shared genes among disorders. The open-source comoRbidity package is a software tool aimed at expediting the integrative analysis of disease comorbidities by incorporating several analytical and visualization functions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>https:\/\/bitbucket.org\/ibi_group\/comorbidity<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,19]],"date-time":"2018-04-19T11:12:57Z","timestamp":1524136377000},"page":"3228-3230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["comoRbidity: an R package for the systematic analysis of disease comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Alba","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Sacrist\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c0lex","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Large-Scale Text Understanding Systems Lab, TALN Research Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexia","family":"Giannoula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferran","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9383-528X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura I","family":"Furlong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012704184975700_bty315-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0164304.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164304","article-title":"Using rich data on comorbidities in case-control study design with electronic health record data improves control of confounding in the detection of adverse drug reactions","volume":"11","author":"Backenroth","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023012704184975700_bty315-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004885","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004885","article-title":"Constraints on biological mechanism from disease comorbidity using electronic medical records and database of genetic variants","volume":"12","author":"Bagley","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. 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