{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:34:49Z","timestamp":1772138089331,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]],"date-time":"2018-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL118305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL118305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HG007687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HG007687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"NHGRI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Human Genome Research Institute in the Center"},{"name":"Research in Genomics and Global Health","award":["Z01HG200362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01HG200362"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many genome-wide association studies and genome-wide screening for gene\u2013environment (GxE) interactions have been performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of human traits and diseases. When the analyzed outcome is quantitative, the overall contribution of identified genetic variants to the outcome is often expressed as the percentage of phenotypic variance explained. This is commonly done using individual-level genotype data but it is challenging when results are derived through meta-analyses. Here, we present R package, \u2018VarExp\u2019, that allows for the estimation of the percentage of phenotypic variance explained using summary statistics only. It allows for a range of models to be evaluated, including marginal genetic effects, GxE interaction effects and both effects jointly. Its implementation integrates all recent methodological developments and does not need external data to be uploaded by users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The R package is available at https:\/\/gitlab.pasteur.fr\/statistical-genetics\/VarExp.git.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T15:29:52Z","timestamp":1525274992000},"page":"3412-3414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["VarExp: estimating variance explained by genome-wide GxE summary statistics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4946-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Laville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Statistique, D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nomes and G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, C3BI, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy R","family":"Bentley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Priv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Statistique, D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nomes and G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, C3BI, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Gauderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas W","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Province","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Statistical Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D C","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugues","family":"Aschard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Statistique, D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nomes and G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, C3BI, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11632","article-title":"An integrated map of genetic variation from 1, 092 human genomes","volume":"491","author":"Abecasis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21989","article-title":"A perspective on interaction effects in genetic association studies","volume":"40","author":"Aschard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-012-1192-0","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities in genome-wide environmental interaction (GWEI) studies","volume":"131","author":"Aschard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Genet"},{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27644","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27644","article-title":"A method to estimate the contribution of regional genetic associations to complex traits from summary association statistics","volume":"6","author":"Pare","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3912","article-title":"Genotype-covariate interaction effects and the heritability of adult body mass index","volume":"49","author":"Robinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Genet"},{"key":"2023012712483327900_bty379-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.05.013","article-title":"Contrasting the genetic architecture of 30 complex traits from summary association data","volume":"99","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet"}],"container-title":["Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/34\/19\/3412\/48918758\/bioinformatics_34_19_3412.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/34\/19\/3412\/48918758\/bioinformatics_34_19_3412.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T08:41:14Z","timestamp":1674808874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article\/34\/19\/3412\/4992146"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"Stegle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty379","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/224634","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4803","type":"print"},{"value":"1367-4811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]}}}