{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:34:56Z","timestamp":1772138096835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1830293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1830293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the availability of existing calculators for statistical power analysis in genetic association studies, there has not been a model-invariant and test-independent tool that allows for both planning of prospective studies and systematic review of reported findings. In this work, we develop a web-based application U-PASS (Unified Power analysis of ASsociation Studies), implementing a unified framework for the analysis of common association tests for binary qualitative traits. The application quantifies the shared asymptotic power limits of the common association tests, and visualizes the fundamental statistical trade-off between risk allele frequency and odds ratio. The application also addresses the applicability of asymptotics-based power calculations in finite samples, and provides guidelines for single-SNP-based association tests. In addition to designing prospective studies, U-PASS enables researchers to retrospectively assess the statistical validity of previously reported associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>U-PASS is an open-source R Shiny application. A live instance is hosted at https:\/\/power.stat.lsa.umich.edu. Source is available on https:\/\/github.com\/Pill-GZ\/U-PASS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Supplementary information<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T07:19:48Z","timestamp":1565335188000},"page":"974-975","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["U-PASS: unified power analysis and forensics for qualitative traits in genetic association studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1394-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Terhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristopher V","family":"Van Hout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown , NY 10591, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stilian","family":"Stoev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx770","article-title":"Power Analysis for Genetic Association Test (PAGEANT) provides insights to challenges for rare variant association studies","volume":"34","author":"Derkach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2018.08.041","article-title":"Pilot genome-wide association study identifying novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes in a Maya population","volume":"677","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Cruz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2016.49","article-title":"Coming of age: ten years of next-generation sequencing technologies","volume":"17","author":"Goodwin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e124.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020124","article-title":"Why most published research findings are false","volume":"2","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B5","first-page":"164343","article-title":"GAS Power Calculator: web-based power calculator for genetic association studies","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D896","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1133","article-title":"The new NHGRI-EBI catalog of published genome-wide association studies (GWAS catalog)","volume":"45","author":"MacArthur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2156-9-36","article-title":"PGA: power calculator for case-control genetic association analyses","volume":"9","author":"Menashe","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/19.1.149","article-title":"Genetic power calculator: design of linkage and association genetic mapping studies of complex traits","volume":"19","author":"Purcell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B9","volume-title":"Statistics in Human Genetics","author":"Sham","year":"1998"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3706","article-title":"Statistical power and significance testing in large-scale genetic studies","volume":"15","author":"Sham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209.","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1706","article-title":"Joint analysis is more efficient than replication-based analysis for two-stage genome-wide association studies","volume":"38","author":"Skol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Genet"},{"key":"2023020108351869000_btz637-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu296","article-title":"Power analysis and sample size estimation for sequence-based association studies","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"}],"container-title":["Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz637\/29228772\/btz637.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/36\/3\/974\/48981966\/bioinformatics_36_3_974.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/36\/3\/974\/48981966\/bioinformatics_36_3_974.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T14:46:30Z","timestamp":1675262790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article\/36\/3\/974\/5545977"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Russell","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz637","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/605766","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4803","type":"print"},{"value":"1367-4811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]}}}