{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T16:06:47Z","timestamp":1782576407181,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This paper intends to propose an automated deep learning-based land cover classification model of remote sensing images. The model includes (i) pre-processing, (ii) feature extraction and (iii) classification. The captured synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) and Landsat-8 images are initially pre-processed using the Gabor filtering model. Subsequently, from SAR images the gray-level-co-occurrence matrix-based texture characteristics are extracted, and temperature vegetation index-based characteristics, normalized vegetation index-based features, normalized difference index-based features and coloration index features are extracted from Landsat-8 images. Finally, the extracted features are subjected to an optimized deep belief network (DBN), where the weight is fine-tuned by the optimization logic. For this, a new Sunflower adopted Red Deer (SARD) algorithm is introduced in this work that hybrids the concept of Red Deer algorithm and Sunflower optimization. The performance of the proposed classification model is compared over other conventional models concerning different measures. Especially, the accuracy of the presented work (SARD+DBN) for Testcase3 is 5, 7, 6 and 30% better than existing DA\u00a0+\u00a0DBN, JA\u00a0+\u00a0DBN, SLnO+DBN and LA\u00a0+\u00a0DBN methods, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxac077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T21:40:00Z","timestamp":1658612400000},"page":"2043-2058","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An Optimized Deep Belief Network for Land Cover Classification Using Synthetic-Aperture Radar Images and Landsat Images"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5255-9031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhishek","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, College of Engineering Pune , Wellesely Rd, Shivajinagar, Pune, 411 005, Maharashtra , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8193-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vandana","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication, Technocrats Group Campus Anand Nagar, BHEL Bhopal, 462021, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023081805254084600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2016.02.028","article-title":"A meta-analysis of remote sensing research on supervised pixel-based land-cover image classification processes: general guidelines for practitioners and future research","volume":"177","author":"Khatami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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