{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:10:47Z","timestamp":1785831047348,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013262","name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013262","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>At CRYPTO\u201919, Gohr built a bridge between deep learning and cryptanalysis. Based on deep neural networks, he trained neural distinguishers of SPECK32\/64. Besides, with the help of neural distinguishers, he attacked 11-round SPECK32\/64 using Bayesian optimization. Compared with the traditional attack, its complexity was reduced. Although his work opened a new direction of machine learning aided cryptanalysis, there are still two research gaps that researchers are eager to fill in. (i) Can the attack using neural distinguishers be used to other block ciphers? (ii) Are there effective key recovery attacks on large-size block ciphers adopting neural distinguishers? In this paper, our core target is to propose an effective neural-aided key recovery policy to attack large-size block ciphers. For large-size block ciphers, it costs too much time in pre-computation, especially in wrong key response profile, which is the main reason why there are almost no neural aided attacks on large-size block ciphers. Fortunately, we find that there is a fatal flaw in the wrong key profile. In the some experiments of SIMON32\/64 and SIMON48\/96, there is a regular of change in response profiles, which implies that we can use partial response instead of the complete response. Based on this, we propose a generic key recovery attack scheme which can attack large-size block ciphers. As an application, we perform a key recovery attack on 13-round SIMON64\/128, which is the first practical attack using neural distinguishers to large-size ciphers. In addition, we also attack 13-round SIMON32\/64 and SIMON48\/96, which also shows that the neural distinguishers can be used to other block ciphers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxac102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T08:49:37Z","timestamp":1659602977000},"page":"2517-2534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Practical Attacks of Round-Reduced SIMON Based on Deep Learning"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Zezhou","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PLA Information Engineering University , Zhengzhou 450000 , China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology , P. O. Box 5159, Beijing 100878 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiongjiong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PLA Information Engineering University , Zhengzhou 450000 , China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology , P. O. Box 5159, Beijing 100878 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaozhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PLA Information Engineering University , Zhengzhou 450000 , China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology , P. O. Box 5159, Beijing 100878 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00630563","article-title":"Differential cryptanalysis of des-like cryptosystems","volume":"4","author":"Biham","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Cryptol."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref2","first-page":"379","volume-title":"Proceedings of Information Security and Privacy - 21st Australasian Conference, ACISP 2016, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,4-6 July","author":"Song","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-47989-6_8","volume-title":"Proceedings of Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2015 , Santa Barbara, USA, 16-20 August","author":"K\u00f6lbl","year":"2015"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-26951-7_6","volume-title":"Proceedings of Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2019, Santa Barbara, USA, 18\u201322 August","author":"Gohr","year":"2019"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref5","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 52nd ACM\/EDAC\/IEEE Design Automation Conference - DAC 2015, San Francisco, USA, 8\u201312 June","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2015"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref6","first-page":"770","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, \u2212 CVPR 2016, Las Vegas, USA, 27\u201330 June","author":"He","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref7","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Proceedings of Information Security and Cryptology - Inscrypt 2020, Guangzhou, China, 11\u201314 December","author":"Su","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Conditional differential-neural cryptanalysis","volume":"2021","author":"Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"A new neural distinguisher considering features derived from multiple ciphertext pairs","volume":"2021","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neural aided statistical attack for cryptanalysis","volume":"2020","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Improved neural aided statistical attack for cryptanalysis","volume":"2021","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-77870-5_28","volume-title":"Proceedings of Advances in Cryptology - EUROCRYPT 2021, Zagreb, Croatia, 17\u201321 October","author":"Benamira","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24854-5_86","volume-title":"Proceedings of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation - GECCO 2004, USA, 26\u201330 June","author":"Ahn","year":"2004"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28628-8_18","volume-title":"Proceedings of Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2004, Santa Barbara, USA, 15\u201319 August","author":"Biham","year":"2004"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9288229","article-title":"Improve neural distinguishers of simon and speck","volume":"2021","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Secur. Commun. Netw."},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref16","first-page":"337","volume-title":"Proceedings of Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 14th International Conference - TACAS 2008, Budapest, Hungary, March 29-April 6","author":"Moura","year":"2008"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref17","first-page":"546","volume-title":"Proceedings of Fast Software Encryption - FSE 2014, London, UK, 3-5 March","author":"Biryukov","year":"2014"},{"key":"2023101421210844900_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.46586\/tosc.v2021.i1.269-315","article-title":"Accelerating the search of differential and linear characteristics with the SAT method","volume":"2021","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"IACR Trans. Symmetric Cryptol."}],"container-title":["The Computer Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comjnl\/article-pdf\/66\/10\/2517\/52134643\/bxac102.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comjnl\/article-pdf\/66\/10\/2517\/52134643\/bxac102.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T21:21:49Z","timestamp":1697318509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comjnl\/article\/66\/10\/2517\/6654842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comjnl\/bxac102","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-4620","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]}}}