{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T07:53:40Z","timestamp":1768031620119,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000774","name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9500309448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9500309448"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Network Science Institute of Northeastern University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>One of the most effective strategies to mitigate the global spreading of a pandemic (e.g. coronavirus disease 2019) is to shut down international airports. From a network theory perspective, this is since international airports and flights, essentially playing the roles of bridge nodes and bridge links between countries as individual communities, dominate the epidemic spreading characteristics in the whole multi-community system. Among all epidemic characteristics, the peak fraction of infected, $I_{\\max}$, is a decisive factor in evaluating an epidemic strategy given limited capacity of medical resources but is seldom considered in multi-community models. In this article, we study a general two-community system interconnected by a fraction $r$ of bridge nodes and its dynamic properties, especially $I_{\\max}$, under the evolution of the susceptible-infected-recovered model. Comparing the characteristic time scales of different parts of the system allows us to analytically derive the asymptotic behaviour of $I_{\\max}$ with $r$, as $r\\rightarrow 0$, which follows different power-law relations in each regime of the phase diagram. We also detect crossovers when $I_{\\max}$ changes from one power law to another, crossing different power-law regimes as driven by $r$. Our results enable a better prediction of the effectiveness of strategies acting on bridge nodes, denoted by the power-law exponent $\\epsilon_I$ as in $I_{\\max}\\propto r^{1\/\\epsilon_I}$.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/comnet\/cnac021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T09:20:49Z","timestamp":1655457649000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Peak fraction of infected in epidemic spreading for multi-community networks"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6079-4285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Boston University , Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5184-7648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyi","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Complex Network Research and Department of Physics, Northeastern University , Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3012-9820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia A","family":"Braunstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET Instituto de Investigaciones F\u00edsicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR), FCEyN, , D\u00e9an Funes 3350, (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023061501240863900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"016128","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.66.016128","article-title":"Spread of epidemic disease on networks","volume":"66","author":"Newman,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. 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Travel Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Complex Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article-pdf\/10\/3\/cnac021\/44114667\/cnac021.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article-pdf\/10\/3\/cnac021\/44114667\/cnac021.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T01:25:14Z","timestamp":1686792314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/comnet\/cnac021\/6609674"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Piet","family":"Van Mieghem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comnet\/cnac021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-1329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-1329","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"article-number":"cnac021"}}