{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T04:06:20Z","timestamp":1774411580256,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":238,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Security information sharing (SIS) is an activity whereby individuals exchange information that is relevant to analyze or prevent cybersecurity incidents. However, despite technological advances and increased regulatory pressure, individuals still seem reluctant to share security information. Few contributions have addressed this conundrum to date. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, our study proposes a behavioral framework that theorizes how and why human behavior and SIS may be associated. We use psychometric methods to test these associations, analyzing a unique sample of human Information Sharing and Analysis Center members who share real security information. We also provide a dual empirical operationalization of SIS by introducing the measures of SIS frequency and intensity. We find significant associations between human behavior and SIS. Thus, the study contributes to clarifying why SIS, while beneficial, is underutilized by pointing to the pivotal role of human behavior for economic outcomes. It therefore extends the growing field of the economics of information security. By the same token, it informs managers and regulators about the significance of human behavior as they propagate goal alignment and shape institutions. Finally, the study defines a broad agenda for future research on SIS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cybsec\/tyz006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T05:04:36Z","timestamp":1566882276000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["To share or not to share: a behavioral perspective on human participation in security information sharing"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6471-772X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Mermoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC Lausanne), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Defence Management, Military Academy (MILAC) at ETH Zurich, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Matthias","family":"Keupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Defence Management, Military Academy (MILAC) at ETH Zurich, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of St. Gallen, Dufourstrasse 50, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7147-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e9vin","family":"Huguenin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC Lausanne), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Palmi\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology Management, University of St. Gallen, Dufourstrasse 40a, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9393-1490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitri","family":"Percia David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC Lausanne), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Defence Management, Military Academy (MILAC) at ETH Zurich, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B1","first-page":"385","volume-title":"The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior","author":"Ajzen","year":"1996"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B2","volume-title":"Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior","author":"Ajzen","year":"1980"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(86)90045-4","article-title":"Prediction of goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control","volume":"22","author":"Ajzen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Exp Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-11-2012-0369","article-title":"Determinants of knowledge sharing in a public sector organization","volume":"17","author":"Amayah","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Knowledge Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6967-5_4","volume-title":"Economics of Information Security and Privacy","author":"Anderson","year":"2010"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1130992","article-title":"The economics of information security","volume":"314","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B7","first-page":"891","article-title":"Cooperation in public-goods experiments: kindness or confusion?","volume":"85","author":"Andreoni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B8","first-page":"231","article-title":"Overcoming impediments to information sharing","volume":"55","author":"Aviram","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ala Law Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2307\/4132332","article-title":"Evidence of the effect of trust building technology in electronic markets: price premiums and buyer behavior","volume":"26","author":"Ba","year":"2002","journal-title":"MIS Quart"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2009.09.001","article-title":"Cybersecurity: stakeholder incentives, externalities, and policy options","volume":"33","author":"Bauer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Telecommun Policy"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.117.3.497","article-title":"The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation","volume":"117","author":"Baumeister","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1086\/261712","article-title":"Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive, and destructive","volume":"98","author":"Baumol","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Political Econ"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B13","volume-title":"Judgement in Managerial Decision Making","author":"Bazerman","year":"2005"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.029","article-title":"Toward explicit measures of intention to predict information system use: an exploratory study of the role of implicit attitudes","volume":"86","author":"Belletier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.96.5.1652","article-title":"Incentives and prosocial behavior","volume":"96","author":"B\u00e9nabou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B16","author":"Bisogni","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2307\/25148669","article-title":"Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social\u2013psychological forces, and organizational climate","volume":"29","author":"Bock","year":"2005","journal-title":"MIS Quart"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccpubpol.2018.10.004","article-title":"Cybersecurity insurance and risk-sharing","volume":"37","author":"Bodin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Account Pub Policy"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B19","volume-title":"Second Workshop on Information Sharing and Collaborative Security (WISCS)","author":"B\u00f6hme","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.90.1.166","article-title":"ERC: a theory of equity, reciprocity, and competition","volume":"90","author":"Bolton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/0199246483.001.0001","volume-title":"The Economy of Esteem","author":"Brennan","year":"2004"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01963","article-title":"Monkeys reject unequal pay","volume":"425","author":"Brosnan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B23","volume-title":"To Improve Cybersecurity in the United States through Enhanced Sharing of Information about Cybersecurity Threats, and for Other Purposes","author":"Burr","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.5.752","article-title":"Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion","volume":"39","author":"Chaiken","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2010.11.001","article-title":"Social capital and individual motivations on knowledge sharing: participant involvement as a moderator","volume":"48","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inf Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B26","volume-title":"Applied Multiple Regression\/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"2002","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.47.2.315","article-title":"Psychology and economics: evidence from the field","volume":"47","author":"DellaVigna","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Econ Lit"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394260645","volume-title":"Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method","author":"Dillman","year":"2014","edition":"4th edn"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10620-5","volume-title":"Cybersecurity in Switzerland. Springer Briefs in Cybersecurity","author":"Dunn Cavelty","year":"2014"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B30","author":"Eagly","year":"1993"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/14792779108401861","article-title":"A social psychology of reputation","volume":"1","author":"Emler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur Rev Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B32","volume-title":"Incentives and Barriers to Information Sharing","year":"2010"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B33","volume-title":"Information Sharing and Common Taxonomies between CSIRTs and Law Enforcement","year":"2016"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B34","volume-title":"Information Sharing and Analysis Centres (ISACs). Cooperative Models","year":"2017"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.06.042","article-title":"Information sharing vs. privacy: a game theoretic analysis","volume":"88","author":"Ezhei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.14.3.159","article-title":"Fairness and retaliation: the economics of reciprocity","volume":"14","author":"Fehr","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Econ Perspect"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/415137a","article-title":"Altruistic punishment in humans","volume":"415","author":"Fehr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.33.040406.131812","article-title":"Human motivation and social cooperation: experimental and analytical foundations","volume":"33","author":"Fehr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sociol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1162\/003355399556151","article-title":"A theory of fairness, competition, and cooperation","volume":"114","author":"Fehr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Quart J Econ"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.96.4.1043","article-title":"Costly information acquisition: experimental analysis of a boundedly rational model","volume":"96","author":"Gabaix","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1050.0053","article-title":"The economic incentives for sharing security information","volume":"16","author":"Gal-Or","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inf Syst Res"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B42","volume-title":"Economics of Information Security. Advances in Information Security","author":"Gal-Or","year":"2004"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2307\/30036519","article-title":"Trust and TAM in online shopping: an integrated model","volume":"27","author":"Gefen","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Quart"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B44","first-page":"1","article-title":"A strategic analysis of information sharing among cyber attackers","volume":"12","author":"Ghose","year":"2006","journal-title":"SSRN Electron J"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B45","first-page":"24","article-title":"Externalities and the magnitude of cyber security underinvestment by private sector firms: a modification of the Gordon-Loeb model","volume":"6","author":"Gordon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Inf Secur"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccpubpol.2015.05.001","article-title":"The impact of information sharing on cybersecurity underinvestment: a real options perspective","volume":"34","author":"Gordon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Account Public Policy"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccpubpol.2003.09.001","article-title":"Sharing information on computer systems security: an economic analysis","volume":"22","author":"Gordon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Account Public Policy"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2307\/25750692","article-title":"Market value of voluntary disclosures concerning information security","volume":"34","author":"Gordon","year":"2010","journal-title":"MIS Quart"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B49","first-page":"49.","article-title":"Investing in cybersecurity: insights from the Gordon-Loeb model","volume":"7","author":"Gordon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Inf Secur"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2307\/2092623","article-title":"The norm of reciprocity: a preliminary statement","volume":"25","author":"Gouldner","year":"1960","journal-title":"Am Sociol Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1086\/228311","article-title":"Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness","volume":"91","author":"Granovetter","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B52","volume-title":"Multivariate Data Analysis","author":"Hair","year":"2009","edition":"5th edn"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1109\/THS.2012.6459893","volume-title":"2012 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST)","author":"Harrison","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B54","first-page":"245","article-title":"A strategic analysis of information sharing among cyber attackers","volume":"12","author":"Hausken","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Inf Syst Technol Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccpubpol.2007.10.001","article-title":"Information sharing among firms and cyber attacks","volume":"26","author":"Hausken","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Account Public Policy"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2006.09.003","article-title":"Knowledge sharing behavior in virtual communities: the relationship between trust, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations","volume":"65","author":"Hsu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Human-Comput Stud"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B57","volume-title":"A Treatise of Human Nature","author":"Hume","year":"2000"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","article-title":"Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk","volume":"47","author":"Kahneman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","article-title":"Prospect theory\u2014an analysis of decision under risk","volume":"47","author":"Kahneman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/76.4.1495","article-title":"The quest for institutional recognition: a longitudinal analysis of scholarly productivity and academic prestige among sociology departments","volume":"76","author":"Keith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B61","volume-title":"Handbook of the Economics of Giving, Altruism and Reciprocity","author":"Kolm","year":"2006"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2015.05.002","article-title":"The attitude cube\u2014a three-dimensional model of situational factors in IS adoption and their impact on the attitude\u2013behavior relationship","volume":"52","author":"Kroenung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.09.044","article-title":"The effects of network sharing on knowledge-sharing activities and job performance in enterprise social media environments","volume":"55","author":"Kwahk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3124398","article-title":"Strategic aspects of cyber risk information sharing","volume":"50","author":"Laube","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/cybsec\/tyw002","article-title":"The economics of mandatory security breach reporting to authorities","volume":"2","author":"Laube","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cybersecur"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B66","first-page":"500","article-title":"Managing joint production motivation: the role of goal framing and governance mechanisms","volume":"36","author":"Lindenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Manage Rev"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26567-4_3","volume-title":"Critical Infrastructure Protection IX","author":"Luiijf","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obhdp.2004.03.001","article-title":"Trust and reciprocity decisions: the differing perspectives of trustors and trusted parties","volume":"94","author":"Malhotra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Org Behav Human Decis Process"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.2003.3166","article-title":"Reputation and the evolution of conflict","volume":"220","author":"McElreath","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.14.1.91.12814","article-title":"Trust as an organizing principle","volume":"14","author":"McEvily","year":"2003","journal-title":"Org Sci"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcip.2010.10.002","article-title":"The economics of cybersecurity: principles and policy options","volume":"3","author":"Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Crit Infrastruct Prot"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14577-3_18","volume-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security","author":"Moran","year":"2010"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B73","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2016 Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA)","author":"Naghizadeh","year":"2016"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B74","volume-title":"An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change","author":"Nelson","year":"1982"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511808678","volume-title":"Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance","author":"North","year":"1990"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400829484","volume-title":"Understanding the Process of Economic Change","author":"North","year":"2005"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B77","volume-title":"Psychometric Theory","author":"Nunnally","year":"2017","edition":"3rd edn"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1086\/227168","article-title":"Rewards and punishments as selective incentives for collective action: theoretical investigations","volume":"85","author":"Oliver","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674041660","volume-title":"The Logic of Collective Action","author":"Olson","year":"1965"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167200261008","article-title":"When an adversary is caught telling the truth: reciprocal cooperation versus self-interest in distributive bargaining","volume":"26","author":"Paese","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pers Soc Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.002","article-title":"An investigation of information sharing and seeking behaviors in online investment communities","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(08)60214-2","article-title":"The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion","volume":"19","author":"Petty","year":"1986","journal-title":"Adv Exp Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100452","article-title":"Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it","volume":"63","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B84","first-page":"531","article-title":"Self-reports in organizational research: problems and prospects","volume":"12","author":"Podsakoff","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2009.0007","article-title":"Why a central network position isn\u2019t enough: the role of motivation and ability for knowledge sharing in employee networks","volume":"54","author":"Reinholt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Manage J"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-8687(02)00021-5","article-title":"Some antecedents and effects of trust in virtual communities","volume":"11","author":"Ridings","year":"2002","journal-title":"Strategic Inf Syst"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.12.037","article-title":"An information security knowledge sharing model in organizations","volume":"57","author":"Safa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(03)00351-4","article-title":"The measurement of effort\u2013reward imbalance at work: European comparisons","volume":"58","author":"Siegrist","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B89","volume-title":"Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization","author":"Simon","year":"1976"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203792704","volume-title":"Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior","author":"Smith","year":"2017"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B91","volume-title":"Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness","author":"Thaler","year":"2009"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1134239","article-title":"The neural basis of loss aversion in decision-making under risk","volume":"315","author":"Tom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000129","article-title":"Understanding and sharing intentions: the origins of cultural cognition","volume":"28","author":"Tomasello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2008.31767250","article-title":"Keeping your headcount when all about you are losing theirs: downsizing, voluntary turnover rates, and the moderating role of HR practices","volume":"51","author":"Trevor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acad Manage J"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08785","article-title":"Neural evidence for inequality-averse social preferences","volume":"463","author":"Tricomi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.2307\/2937956","article-title":"Loss aversion in riskless choice: a reference dependent model","volume":"106","author":"Tversky","year":"1991","journal-title":"Quart J Econ"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00122574","article-title":"Advances in prospect theory: cumulative representation of uncertainty","volume":"5","author":"Tversky","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Risk Uncertainty"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1145\/3067695.3075613","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","author":"Vakilinia","year":"2017"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.14.2.209.14992","article-title":"Open source software and the \u201cprivate-collective\u201d innovation model: issues for organization science","volume":"14","author":"von Hippel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Org Sci"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2014.11.001","article-title":"Motivations of employees\u2019 knowledge sharing behaviors: a self-determination perspective","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf Org"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-010-0098-7","article-title":"A study on key strategies in P2P file sharing systems and ISPs\u2019 P2P traffic management","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Network Appl"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B102","volume-title":"Pragmatics of Human Communication","author":"Watzlawick","year":"2011"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B103","volume-title":"Legislation to Facilitate Cybersecurity Information Sharing: Economic Analysis","author":"Weiss","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1086\/227496","article-title":"The economics of organization: the transaction cost approach","volume":"87","author":"Williamson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2004.1318566","article-title":"PeerTrust: supporting reputation-based trust for peer-to-peer electronic communities","volume":"16","author":"Xiong","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowledge Data Eng"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2016.02.001","article-title":"Knowledge sharing in online health communities: a social exchange theory perspective","volume":"53","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inf Manage"},{"key":"2019091013074361000_tyz006-B107","first-page":"457","author":"Zhao","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cybersecurity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cybersecurity\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/tyz006\/29212820\/tyz006.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T16:02:37Z","timestamp":1721664157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cybersecurity\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/cybsec\/tyz006\/5554880"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cybsec\/tyz006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-2085","2057-2093"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-2085","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-2093","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"article-number":"tyz006"}}