{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T02:13:44Z","timestamp":1785204824075,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MLP1601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MLP1601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are unique transcript isoforms characterized by back splicing of exon ends to form a covalently closed loop or circular conformation. These transcript isoforms are now known to be expressed in a variety of organisms across the kingdoms of life. Recent studies have shown the role of circRNAs in a number of diseases and increasing evidence points to their potential application as biomarkers in these diseases. We have created a comprehensive manually curated database of circular RNAs associated with diseases. This database is available at URL http:\/\/clingen.igib.res.in\/circad\/. The Database lists more than 1300 circRNAs associated with 150 diseases and mapping to 113 International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes with evidence of association linked to published literature. The database is unique in many ways. Firstly, it provides ready-to-use primers to work with, in order to use circRNAs as biomarkers or to perform functional studies. It additionally lists the assay and PCR primer details including experimentally validated ones as a ready reference to researchers along with fold change and statistical significance. It also provides standard disease nomenclature as per the ICD codes. To the best of our knowledge, circad is the most comprehensive and updated database of disease associated circular RNAs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>Availability: http:\/\/clingen.igib.res.in\/circad\/<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baaa019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T20:14:01Z","timestamp":1582661641000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Circad: a comprehensive manually curated resource of circular RNA associated with diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Mercy","family":"Rophina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Informatics Department, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, District-South Delhi, New Delhi-110025, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Disha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Informatics Department, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, District-South Delhi, New Delhi-110025, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh -201002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukta","family":"Poojary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Informatics Department, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, District-South Delhi, New Delhi-110025, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh -201002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinod","family":"Scaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Informatics Department, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, District-South Delhi, New Delhi-110025, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh -201002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2890","article-title":"Detecting and characterizing circular RNAs","volume":"32","author":"Jeck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/323558a0","article-title":"The hepatitis delta (delta) virus possesses a circular RNA","volume":"323","author":"Kos","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11928","article-title":"Circular RNAs are a large class of animal RNAs with regulatory potency","volume":"495","author":"Memczak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.10.062","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of drosophila circular RNAs reveals their structural and sequence properties and age-dependent neural accumulation","volume":"9","author":"Westholm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2015.12.021","article-title":"Plant circular RNAs (circRNAs): transcriptional regulation beyond miRNAs in plants","volume":"9","author":"Sablok","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.7.1.7678559","article-title":"Mis-splicing yields circular RNA molecules","volume":"7","author":"Cocquerelle","year":"1993","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2017.00038","article-title":"Circular RNAs: biogenesis, function and role in human diseases","volume":"4","author":"Greene","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73271","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19154","article-title":"An emerging function of circRNA-miRNAs-mRNA axis in human diseases","volume":"8","author":"Rong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90279-Y","article-title":"Circular transcripts of the testis-determining gene Sry in adult mouse testis","volume":"73","author":"Capel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2016.00025","article-title":"Roles of circular RNAs in neurologic disease","volume":"9","author":"Shao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2013.00307","article-title":"Circular RNA (circRNA) in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)","volume":"4","author":"Lukiw","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(86)90127-X","article-title":"Correlation between bilayer destabilization and activity enhancement by diacylglycerols in reconstituted Ca-ATPase vesicles","volume":"244","author":"Cheng","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9060","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09076-6","article-title":"Circular RNAs expression profiles in human gastric cancer","volume":"7","author":"Dang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010428317705850","DOI":"10.1177\/1010428317705850","article-title":"Circular RNAs play an important role in late-stage gastric cancer: circular RNA expression profiles and bioinformatics analyses","volume":"39","author":"Fang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2017.5415","article-title":"Circular RNA and gene expression profiles in gastric cancer based on microarray chip technology","volume":"37","author":"Sui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2018.04.006","article-title":"Emerging landscape of circular RNAs in lung cancer","volume":"427","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v9.i2.62","article-title":"Circular RNAs in colorectal cancer: possible roles in regulation of cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Taborda","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastrointest. Oncol"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35576","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35576","article-title":"Circular RNA has_circ_0067934 is upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and promoted proliferation","volume":"6","author":"Xia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-2808","article-title":"The circular RNA circPRKCI promotes tumor growth in lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"78","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2013.00283","article-title":"Circ2Traits: a comprehensive database for circular RNA potentially associated with disease and traits","volume":"4","author":"Ghosal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11018","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29360-3","article-title":"Circ2Disease: a manually curated database of experimentally validated circRNAs in human disease","volume":"8","author":"Yao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0503-3","article-title":"circRNA disease: a manually curated database of experimentally supported circRNA-disease associations","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"2020032710545739500_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/bay044","article-title":"CircR2Disease: a manually curated database for experimentally supported circular RNAs associated with various diseases","volume":"2018","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Database"}],"container-title":["Database"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/database\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/database\/baaa019\/32972591\/baaa019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/database\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/database\/baaa019\/32972591\/baaa019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T15:41:24Z","timestamp":1585323684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/database\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/database\/baaa019\/5812714"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/database\/baaa019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-0463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-0463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"article-number":"baaa019"}}