{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1776276031191,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]],"date-time":"2022-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":84,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004919","name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5-20-01-070-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5-20-01-070-0014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004919","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In the twenty-first century, three new human coronaviruses have been identified with known zoonotic origins: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). SARS-CoV-2 was identified in November 2019 and is associated with an ongoing pandemic. Molecular surveillance and monitoring studies are essential for containing viral outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. In addition, the development and deployment of bioinformatics resources for highly pathogenic human coronaviruses are crucial for understanding the genetic and immunogenic landscape associated with these viruses. Here, we introduce an open-access, integrated resource for SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV: the Human Coronaviruses Database and Analysis Resource (hCoronavirusesDB; http:\/\/hcoronaviruses.net\/), which include nucleotide and protein sequence data obtained for these viruses. The database also offers a user-friendly search interface coupled with bioinformatics analytics and visualization tools. In addition, hCoronavirusesDB contains curated, experimentally validated B cell and T cell epitope data for these viruses. This resource can assist with the molecular surveillance necessary to trace virus circulation and contribute to microevolutionary studies. This application can also serve as a valuable resource for the development of rationally designed pan-coronavirus diagnostic tools, vaccines, and therapeutic agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Database URL:http:\/\/hcoronaviruses.net\/<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baac017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T12:08:13Z","timestamp":1646395693000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["hCoronavirusesDB: an integrated bioinformatics resource for human coronaviruses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8193-9797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iman","family":"Almansour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Imane","family":"Boudellioua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 2205, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022032913100552800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa033","article-title":"The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned?","volume":"49","author":"Peeri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa029","article-title":"Three emerging coronaviruses in two decades: the story of SARS, MERS, and now COVID-19","volume":"153","author":"Guarner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.81","article-title":"SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses","volume":"14","author":"De Wit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385885-6.00009-2","article-title":"Coronavirus pathogenesis","volume":"81","author":"Weiss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Virus Res."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R5","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Roles of Host Gene and Non-coding RNA Expression in Virus Infection","author":"De Wilde","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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Biol. Evol."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.103982","article-title":"MMRdb: measles, mumps, and rubella viruses database and analysis resource","volume":"75","author":"Almansour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14010039","article-title":"Immunogenicity of Multiple Doses of pDNA Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"14","author":"Almansour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"2022032913100552800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01230-y","article-title":"Looking beyond COVID-19 vaccine phase 3 trials","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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