{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T01:25:55Z","timestamp":1767835555715,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Executive function operations (Formulate a Goal, Plan, Carry out the task and Verify goal attainment) are important for supporting independence, and are often impacted early in dementia, yet are seldom considered in the design of assistive technologies for cognition for older adults with dementia. This article introduces personas, i.e., fictitious, specific, concrete representations of target users, to support the design of assistive technologies for cognition from the perspective of executive dysfunction. We first categorized the assistance most appropriate to provide, based on a quantitative secondary analysis of annotated videos of 16 older adults who received assistance during a functional assessment. The annotations of the videos classified the assistance required for task completion into categories. We then designed the personas based on this quantitative secondary analysis. A persona was designed for each of the first three executive function operations: Formulate a goal, Plan and Carry out the task. No persona was designed for Verify goal attainment because assistance was seldom provided for this operation. Stimulate the thought process and clarification of instructions were the categories of assistance most frequently identified overall. Each persona is illustrated with examples of assistance. Stimulate the thought process was the category of assistance most frequently provided for goal formulation and plan, and motivational assistance for carry out the task. We defined several design recommendations to support the design of assistive technologies for cognition for older adults on the dementia continuum, including 1) stimulate the person to reason and act by themselves first; 2) design context-aware assistive technologies; 3) consider \u201cgoal formulation\u201d and \u201cplan\u201d executive operation dysfunctions; 4) personalize assistive technologies to the specific needs of each individual; 5) do not rely only on personas to take individual needs into account. Personas created from real situations can serve as a tool to better understand the assistance this population requires in order to develop assistive technologies for cognition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/iwc\/iwae060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T22:37:51Z","timestamp":1738276671000},"page":"73-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Defining <i>Personas<\/i> for Assistive Technology Development: Improving the Cognitive Support of Older Adults on the Dementia Continuum"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2280-7572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Spalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DOMUS, Computer Science Department, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard de l\u2019Universit\u00e9, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche De l\u2019Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al, CCSMTL , 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3W 1W5 ,","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Gouin-Vallerand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DOMUS, Computer Science Department, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard de l\u2019Universit\u00e9, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Information Systems and Quantitative Methods in Business Department, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard de l\u2019Universit\u00e9, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 ,","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Amel","family":"Yaddaden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche De l\u2019Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al, CCSMTL , 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3W 1W5 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"\u00c9cole de R\u00e9adaptation, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 7077 Avenue du Parc, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3N 1X7 ,","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Gagnon-Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche De l\u2019Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al, CCSMTL , 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3W 1W5 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"\u00c9cole de R\u00e9adaptation, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 7077 Avenue du Parc, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3N 1X7 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal - , 6363 Chemin Hudson, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3S 1M9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Institut Universitaire sur la R\u00e9adaptation en D\u00e9ficience Physique de Montr\u00e9al - , 6363 Chemin Hudson, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3S 1M9 ,","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Bottari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole de R\u00e9adaptation, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 7077 Avenue du Parc, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3N 1X7 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal - , 6363 Chemin Hudson, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3S 1M9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Institut Universitaire sur la R\u00e9adaptation en D\u00e9ficience Physique de Montr\u00e9al - , 6363 Chemin Hudson, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3S 1M9 ,","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Bier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche De l\u2019Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al, CCSMTL , 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3W 1W5 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"\u00c9cole de R\u00e9adaptation, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 7077 Avenue du Parc, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3N 1X7 ,","place":["Canada"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021410275488200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150957","article-title":"The instrumental activity of daily living profile in aging: a feasibility study","volume":"52","author":"Bier","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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