{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:08:48Z","timestamp":1740136128731,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR003167","5U01TR002062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR003167","5U01TR002062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 CA194215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 CA194215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01AG066749","R01GM114612","U01TR002062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG066749","R01GM114612","U01TR002062"]}]},{"name":"Research Institute of Texas","award":["RP170668","RR180012","RP160015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP170668","RR180012","RP160015"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation RAPID","award":["2027790"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2027790"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000936","name":"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9639"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9639"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000936","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Large observational data networks that leverage routine clinical practice data in electronic health records (EHRs) are critical resources for research on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Data normalization is a key challenge for the secondary use of EHRs for COVID-19 research across institutions. In this study, we addressed the challenge of automating the normalization of COVID-19 diagnostic tests, which are critical data elements, but for which controlled terminology terms were published after clinical implementation. We developed a simple but effective rule-based tool called COVID-19 TestNorm to automatically normalize local COVID-19 testing names to standard LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) codes. COVID-19 TestNorm was developed and evaluated using 568 test names collected from 8 healthcare systems. Our results show that it could achieve an accuracy of 97.4% on an independent test set. COVID-19 TestNorm is available as an open-source package for developers and as an online Web application for end users (https:\/\/clamp.uth.edu\/covid\/loinc.php). We believe that it will be a useful tool to support secondary use of EHRs for research on COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T19:12:34Z","timestamp":1592421154000},"page":"1437-1442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["COVID-19 TestNorm: A tool to normalize COVID-19 testing names to LOINC codes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianfu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekin","family":"Soysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott L","family":"DuVall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hanchrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt 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Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA"},{"name":"Medical Informatics Services, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucila","family":"Ohno-Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, UCSD Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"},{"name":"Division of Health Services Research and Development, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serguei","family":"Pakhomov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth Madeleine","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy M","family":"Sitapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, UCSD Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"},{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swapna","family":"Abhyankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LOINC and Health Data 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