{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T22:03:53Z","timestamp":1776117833269,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01LM009886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01LM009886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01LM006910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01LM006910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T15LM007079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T15LM007079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Real-world data (RWD), defined as routinely collected healthcare data, can be a potential catalyst for addressing challenges faced in clinical trials. We performed a scoping review of database-specific RWD applications within clinical trial contexts, synthesizing prominent uses and themes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Querying 3 biomedical literature databases, research articles using electronic health records, administrative claims databases, or clinical registries either within a clinical trial or in tandem with methodology related to clinical trials were included. Articles were required to use at least 1 US RWD source. All abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction was performed by 1 reviewer. Two reviewers independently verified all decisions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 2020 screened articles, 89 qualified: 59 articles used electronic health records, 29 used administrative claims, and 26 used registries. Our synthesis was driven by the general life cycle of a clinical trial, culminating into 3 major themes: trial process tasks (51 articles); dissemination strategies (6); and generalizability assessments (34). Despite a diverse set of diseases studied, &amp;lt;10% of trials using RWD for trial process tasks evaluated medications or procedures (5\/51). All articles highlighted data-related challenges, such as missing values.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Database-specific RWD have been occasionally leveraged for various clinical trial tasks. We observed underuse of RWD within conducted medication or procedure trials, though it is subject to the confounder of implicit report of RWD use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Enhanced incorporation of RWD should be further explored for medication or procedure trials, including better understanding of how to handle related data quality issues to facilitate RWD use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T19:15:01Z","timestamp":1599074101000},"page":"144-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Contemporary use of real-world data for clinical trial conduct in the United States: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7329-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R","family":"Rogers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junghwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying Kuen","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Hripcsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"},{"name":"Medical Informatics Services, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhua","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c869","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c869","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 explanation and elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"340","author":"Moher","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9305","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07683-3","article-title":"Generation of allocation sequences in randomised trials: chance, not choice","volume":"359","author":"Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"25","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006223422507","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs","volume":"342","author":"Concato","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.113","article-title":"Drivers and barriers to patient participation in RCTs","volume":"108","author":"Jenkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2018.08.001","article-title":"Factors associated with clinical trials that fail and opportunities for improving the likelihood of success: a review","volume":"11","author":"Fogel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials Commun"},{"issue":"9453","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17670-8","article-title":"External validity of randomised controlled trials: \u201cto whom do the results of this trial apply?\u201d","volume":"365","author":"Rothwell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B7","year":"2019"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2017.03.008","article-title":"What is real-world data? A review of definitions based on literature and stakeholder interviews","volume":"20","author":"Makady","year":"2017","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B9","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B10","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510059","article-title":"Pragmatic trials","volume":"375","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.01.012","article-title":"Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials","volume":"62","author":"Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h2147","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2147","article-title":"The PRECIS-2 tool: designing trials that are fit for purpose","volume":"350","author":"Loudon","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0420-7","article-title":"Pragmatic clinical trials embedded in healthcare systems: generalizable lessons from the NIH Collaboratory","volume":"17","author":"Weinfurt","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2014-002747","article-title":"Launching PCORnet, a national patient-centered clinical research network","volume":"21","author":"Fleurence","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"e2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e226\u201331","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2013-001926","article-title":"Electronic health records based phenotyping in next-generation clinical trials: a perspective from the NIH Health Care Systems Collaboratory","volume":"20","author":"Richesson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e186019","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.6019","article-title":"Assessment of long-term follow-up of randomized trial participants by linkage to routinely collected data: a scoping review and analysis","volume":"1","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2017.12.002","article-title":"Real world big data for clinical research and drug development","volume":"23","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E23","DOI":"10.9778\/cmajo.20180096","article-title":"Current use and costs of electronic health records for clinical trial research: a descriptive study","volume":"7","author":"Mc Cord","year":"2019","journal-title":"CMAJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12764","article-title":"Clinical trial generalizability assessment in the big data era: a review","volume":"13","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B21","first-page":"495","article-title":"A literature review on the representativeness of randomized controlled trial samples and implications for the external validity of trial results","volume":"16","author":"Kennedy-Martin","year":"2015"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.10.007","article-title":"ECG AI-Guided Screening for Low Ejection Fraction (EAGLE): rationale and design of a pragmatic cluster randomized trial","volume":"219","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774519833679","article-title":"Improving pragmatic clinical trial design using real-world data","volume":"16","author":"Shortreed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.11.009","article-title":"Rationale and design of Mi-CARE: the mile square colorectal cancer screening, awareness and referral and education project","volume":"52","author":"Buscemi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774516670895","article-title":"Challenges encountered in the conduct of optimal health: a patient-centered comparative effectiveness study of interventions for adults with serious mental illness","volume":"14","author":"Kogan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13714","article-title":"Development of a prospective real-world data clinical registry of children and adolescents with migraine","volume":"60","author":"Hornik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.11.009","article-title":"Using electronic health record data for substance use screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment among adults with type 2 diabetes: design of a national drug abuse treatment clinical trials network study","volume":"46","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.06.028","article-title":"Results from a trial of an online diabetes prevention program intervention","volume":"55","author":"Moin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2017.07.003","article-title":"Patient navigation for lung cancer screening in an urban safety-net system: protocol for a pragmatic randomized clinical trial","volume":"60","author":"Gerber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contempor Clin Trials"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-016-0786-6","article-title":"Effectiveness of four outreach modalities to patients overdue for cervical cancer screening in the primary care setting: a randomized trial","volume":"27","author":"Peitzmeier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-015-3214-9","article-title":"A randomized controlled effectiveness trial for PSA screening decision support interventions in two primary care settings","volume":"30","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000365","article-title":"Work-focused cognitive behavioral therapy to complement vocational services for people with mental illness: pilot study outcomes across a 6-month posttreatment follow-up","volume":"42","author":"Kukla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabil J"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0142","article-title":"Population-based pragmatic trial of advance care planning in primary care in the university of California health system","volume":"22","author":"Walling","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774516685298","article-title":"Pragmatic trial of video education in nursing homes: the design and rationale for a pragmatic cluster randomized trial in the nursing home setting","volume":"14","author":"Mor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13835","DOI":"10.2196\/13835","article-title":"Evaluation of a health information technology-enabled panel management platform to improve anticoagulation control in a low-income patient population: protocol for a quasi-experimental design","volume":"9","author":"Fontil","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"31","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.05.004","article-title":"Physician clinical decision support system prompts and administration of subsequent doses of HPV vaccine: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2017.08.013","article-title":"Development and rationale for a multifactorial, randomized controlled trial to test strategies to promote adherence to complex drug regimens among older adults","volume":"62","author":"Bailey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2013.06.004","article-title":"Improvement of guideline \u03b2-blocker prescribing in heart failure: a cluster-randomized pragmatic trial of a pharmacy intervention","volume":"19","author":"McCarren","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2020.105939","article-title":"Design of a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial comparing telehealth care and best practice clinic-based care for uncontrolled high blood pressure","volume":"92","author":"Margolis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2018.01.004","article-title":"Rationale and design of a pilot study examining acceptance and commitment therapy for persistent pain in an integrated primary care clinic","volume":"66","author":"Kanzler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-017-2001-9","article-title":"Hypertension with unsatisfactory sleep health (HUSH): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Levenson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2-4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/10601333.2016.1182693","article-title":"Recruitment experience for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial: using EMR initiatives and minimizing research infrastructure","volume":"33","author":"Joseph","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Res Regul Aff"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2014.02.008","article-title":"Improving efficiency and reducing costs: design of an adaptive, seamless, and enriched pragmatic efficacy trial of an online asthma management program","volume":"38","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2019.09.625","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial representativeness and outcomes in real-world patients: comparison of 6 hallmark randomized clinical trials of relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"20","author":"Chari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocv216","article-title":"Will they participate? Predicting patients\u2019 responses to clinical trial invitations in a pediatric emergency department","volume":"23","author":"Ni","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31822a7047","article-title":"Cancer trials versus the real world in the United States","volume":"254","author":"Al-Refaie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2014-002887","article-title":"Automated clinical trial eligibility prescreening: increasing the efficiency of patient identification for clinical trials in the emergency department","volume":"22","author":"Ni","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1787","article-title":"Development of a system for post-marketing population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies using real-world data from electronic health records","volume":"107","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12538","article-title":"A new approach to clinical research: integrating clinical care, quality reporting, and research using a wound care network-based learning healthcare system","volume":"25","author":"Serena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wound Rep and Reg"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2018.11.001","article-title":"Validation of a claims-based algorithm identifying eligible study subjects in the ADAPTABLE pragmatic clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Fishman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/JAC.0000000000000267","article-title":"Using electronic clinical decision support in patient-centered medical homes to improve management of diabetes in primary care: the DECIDE study","volume":"42","author":"Gill","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ambul Care Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2194-3","article-title":"Cardiovascular care guideline implementation in community health centers in Oregon: a mixed-methods analysis of real-world barriers and challenges","volume":"17","author":"Gold","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0311-4","article-title":"Testing health information technology tools to facilitate health insurance support: a protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid randomized trial","volume":"10","author":"DeVoe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0333-y","article-title":"Study protocol for \u201cStudy of Practices Enabling Implementation and Adaptation in the Safety Net (SPREAD-NET)\u201d: a pragmatic trial comparing implementation strategies","volume":"10","author":"Gold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2012.05.003","article-title":"Impact of an educational intervention designed to reduce unnecessary recall during screening mammography","volume":"19","author":"Carney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13151","DOI":"10.2196\/13151","article-title":"Evaluation of a health information technology-enabled collective intelligence platform to improve diagnosis in primary care and urgent care settings: protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Fontil","year":"2019","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-109","article-title":"Rationale, design, and implementation protocol of an electronic health record integrated clinical prediction rule (iCPR) randomized trial in primary care","volume":"6","author":"Mann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304905","article-title":"CommunityRx: a real-world controlled clinical trial of a scalable, low-intensity community resource referral intervention","volume":"109","author":"Lindau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05530-5","article-title":"Impact of a low-intensity resource referral intervention on patients\u2019 knowledge, beliefs, and use of community resources: results from the CommunityRx Trial","volume":"35","author":"Tung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e208","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.9203","article-title":"Validation of a novel electronic health record patient portal advance care planning delivery system","volume":"20","author":"Bose-Brill","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-019-0855-9","article-title":"Study protocol: a pragmatic, stepped-wedge trial of tailored support for implementing social determinants of health documentation\/action in community health centers, with realist evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Gold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2018-008233","article-title":"Effects of a multifaceted medication reconciliation quality improvement intervention on patient safety: final results of the MARQUIS study","volume":"27","author":"Schnipper","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B64","first-page":"1160","article-title":"Personalized care and the role of insulin as a vehicle to optimizing treatments in diabetes care","volume":"23","author":"Bieszk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.08.021","article-title":"Seasonal influenza vaccination at school: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"46","author":"Humiston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-14-125","article-title":"Medication adherence and tolerability of Alzheimer\u2019s disease medications: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Campbell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2008.10.0145","article-title":"Methods of a multisite randomized clinical trial of supported employment among veterans with spinal cord injury","volume":"46","author":"Ottomanelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"issue":"8-9","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocz062","article-title":"Research-grade data in the real world: challenges and opportunities in data quality from a pragmatic trial in community-based practices","volume":"26","author":"Divney","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B69","first-page":"92","article-title":"Estimating clinical trial bleeding events using electronic health record data","volume":"257","author":"Eisenstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-00970-1","article-title":"Generating real-world tumor burden endpoints from electronic health record data: comparison of RECIST, radiology-anchored, and clinician-anchored approaches for abstracting real-world progression in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"36","author":"Griffith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.02.007","article-title":"Validating the use of registries and claims data to support randomized trials: rationale and design of the Extending Trial-Based Evaluations of Medical Therapies Using Novel Sources of Data (EXTEND) Study","volume":"212","author":"Strom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2017.04.007","article-title":"Design and baseline data from a PCORI-funded randomized controlled trial of family-centered tailoring of diabetes self-management resources","volume":"58","author":"Fiallo-Scharer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4617-1","article-title":"Aiming to Improve Readmissions Through InteGrated Hospital Transitions (AIRTIGHT): a pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"34","author":"McWilliams","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1912869","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.12869","article-title":"Feasibility of using real-world data to replicate clinical trial evidence","volume":"2","author":"Bartlett","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B75","article-title":"Nonrandomized real-world evidence to support regulatory decision making: process for a randomized trial replication project","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12718","article-title":"Comparing the effectiveness of dynamic treatment strategies using electronic health records: an application of the parametric g-formula to anemia management strategies","volume":"53","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2012.10.007","article-title":"Baseline reach and adoption characteristics in a randomized controlled trial of two weight loss interventions translated into primary care: a structured report of real-world applicability","volume":"34","author":"Yank","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooz045","article-title":"A virtual molecular tumor board to improve efficiency and scalability of delivering precision oncology to physicians and their patients","volume":"2","author":"Pishvaian","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMIA Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-018-0053-3","article-title":"Protocol for the development of a CONSORT extension for RCTs using cohorts and routinely collected health data","volume":"3","author":"Kwakkenbos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Integr Peer Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.07.011","article-title":"Representativeness of a heart failure trial by race and sex: results from ASCEND-HF and GWTG-HF","volume":"7","author":"Greene","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107602961985089","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029619850897","article-title":"Proportion of US hospitalized medically ill patients who may qualify for extended thromboprophylaxis","volume":"25","author":"Miao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"15","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317729252","article-title":"Real-world use and modeled impact of glucose-lowering therapies evaluated in recent cardiovascular outcomes trials: an NCDR Research to Practice project","volume":"24","author":"Arnold","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029614536606","article-title":"Major bleeding with dabigatran and rivaroxaban in patients with atrial fibrillation: a real-world setting","volume":"20","author":"Fontaine","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.12.003","article-title":"New-generation drug-eluting stents for left main coronary artery disease according to the EXCEL trial enrollment criteria: insights from the all-comers, international, multicenter DELTA-2 registry","volume":"280","author":"Tanaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0069","article-title":"Using real-world data to predict findings of an ongoing phase IV cardiovascular outcome trial: Cardiovascular safety of linagliptin versus glimepiride","volume":"42","author":"Patorno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.3919","article-title":"Use of health care databases to support supplemental indications of approved medications","volume":"178","author":"Fralick","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-018-1698-y","article-title":"Warfarin for prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: comparison of patient characteristics and outcomes of the \u201cReal-World\u201d Michigan Anticoagulation Quality Improvement Initiative (MAQI2) registry to the RE-LY, ROCKET-AF, and ARISTOTLE trials","volume":"46","author":"Hughey","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000580","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000580","article-title":"Implications of the PEGASUS-TIMI 54 trial for US clinical practice","volume":"4","author":"Bradley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2017.04.003","article-title":"Predicting real-world effectiveness of cancer therapies using overall survival and progression-free survival from clinical trials: empirical evidence for the ASCO value framework","volume":"20","author":"Lakdawalla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1159\/000445809","article-title":"Rescue thrombectomy in large vessel occlusion strokes leads to better outcomes than intravenous thrombolysis alone: a \u201creal world\u201d applicability of the recent trials","volume":"5","author":"Nogueira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intervent Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.08.009","article-title":"Percutaneous left ventricular assist device for high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions: Real-world versus clinical trial experience","volume":"170","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2015.004929","article-title":"Clinical trial participants with metastatic renal cell carcinoma differ from patients treated in real-world practice","volume":"11","author":"Mitchell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Oncol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2337\/ds17-0082","article-title":"Achievement of target A1C &lt;7.0% (&lt;53 mmol\/mol) by US type 2 diabetes patients treated with basal insulin in both randomized controlled trials and clinical practice","volume":"32","author":"Blonde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"issue":"20","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000243","article-title":"Real-world experience of venetoclax with azacitidine for untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"3","author":"Winters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0353","article-title":"Characteristics of real-world metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with nivolumab and pembrolizumab during the year following approval","volume":"23","author":"Khozin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2016.10.002","article-title":"Disease and treatment characteristics of men diagnosed with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in real life: analysis from a commercial claims database","volume":"15","author":"Flaig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Genitourinary Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.016456","article-title":"Systematic evaluation of patients treated with neurothrombectomy devices for acute ischemic stroke: primary results of the STRATIS registry","volume":"48","author":"Mueller-Kronast","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B98","first-page":"SP205","article-title":"Real-world outcomes of ledipasvir\/sofosbuvir in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C","volume":"22","author":"Younossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"issue":"17","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.01.053","article-title":"Results of the destination therapy post-food and drug administration approval study with a continuous flow left ventricular assist device: a prospective study using the INTERMACS registry (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support)","volume":"63","author":"Jorde","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2014.09.010","article-title":"Clinical practice experience with NovoTTF-100A system for glioblastoma: the Patient Registry Dataset (PRiDe","volume":"41","author":"Mrugala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dju002","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju002","article-title":"Comparison of survival outcomes among cancer patients treated in and out of clinical trials","volume":"106","author":"Unger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.965368","article-title":"Longitudinal study of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: methods and clinical characteristics of patients receiving implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for primary prevention in contemporary practice","volume":"5","author":"Masoudi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx091","article-title":"The representativeness of eligible patients in type 2 diabetes trials: a case study using GIST 2.0","volume":"25","author":"Sen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B104","first-page":"849","article-title":"Comparing and contrasting a priori and a posteriori generalizability assessment of clinical trials on type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"2017","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc"},{"issue":"02","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.4338\/ACI-2013-12-RA-0105","article-title":"A distribution-based method for assessing the differences between clinical trial target populations and patient populations in electronic health records","volume":"05","author":"Weng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inform"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000347","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2018-000347","article-title":"Association of baseline absolute neutrophil counts and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with second-line antiangiogenic therapies: exploratory analyses of the RAISE trial and validation in an electronic medical record data set","volume":"3","author":"Grothey","year":"2018","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-017-1049-4","article-title":"Real-world treatment patterns and effectiveness among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with ziv-aflibercept in community oncology practices in the USA","volume":"34","author":"Ivanova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-016-0102-5","article-title":"HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients receiving pertuzumab in a community oncology practice setting: treatment patterns and outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Robert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2016.1140027","article-title":"The value of surrogate endpoints for predicting real-world survival across five cancer types","volume":"32","author":"Shafrin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e005095","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.005095","article-title":"Integrating data from randomized controlled trials and observational studies to assess survival in rare diseases","volume":"12","author":"Torbicki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocy188","article-title":"An outcome model approach to transporting a randomized controlled trial results to a target population","volume":"26","author":"Goldstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.01.010","article-title":"Design, development and deployment of a Diabetes Research Registry to facilitate recruitment in clinical research","volume":"47","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774511432555","article-title":"A model for the design and implementation of a participant recruitment registry for clinical studies of older adults","volume":"9","author":"Dowling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Trials"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2016.03.008","article-title":"A data-driven concept schema for defining clinical research data needs","volume":"91","author":"Hruby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.05.008","article-title":"A novel clinical trial recruitment strategy for women\u2019s cancer","volume":"138","author":"Rimel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2008.09.002","article-title":"An automated communication system in a contact registry for persons with rare diseases: scalable tools for identifying and recruiting clinical research participants","volume":"30","author":"Richesson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"e1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e145","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000743","article-title":"Evaluating alert fatigue over time to EHR-based clinical trial alerts: findings from a randomized controlled study","volume":"19","author":"Embi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2011.05.100169","article-title":"Using patient monetary incentives and electronically derived patient lists to recruit patients to a clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"Ruffin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1625964","article-title":"A novel patient recruitment strategy: patient selection directly from the community through linkage to clinical data","volume":"9","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-015-0149-3","article-title":"Increasing the efficiency of trial-patient matching: automated clinical trial eligibility pre-screening for pediatric oncology patients","volume":"15","author":"Ni","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B121","first-page":"333","article-title":"Evaluative outcomes in direct extraction and use of EHR data in clinical trials","volume":"257","author":"Nordo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774516656579","article-title":"Use of administrative data to increase the practicality of clinical trials: insights from the Women\u2019s Health Initiative","volume":"13","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B123","first-page":"29","article-title":", Al-Shahi Salman R, Treweek S, et al. Routinely collected data for randomized trials: promises, barriers, and implications. Trials","volume":"19","year":"2018"},{"issue":"13","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608033","article-title":"Effectiveness of fluticasone furoate-vilanterol for COPD in clinical practice","volume":"375","author":"Vestbo","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308789","article-title":"Thrombus aspiration during ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"369","author":"Fr\u00f6bert","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.002","article-title":"Claims-based cardiovascular outcome identification for clinical research: results from 7 large randomized cardiovascular clinical trials","volume":"218","author":"Brennan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021011515544352700_ocaa224-B127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2013.06.013","article-title":"Embedding a randomized clinical trial into an ongoing registry infrastructure: unique opportunities for efficiency in design of the Study of Access site For Enhancement of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Women (SAFE-PCI for Women)","volume":"166","author":"Hess","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am Heart J"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/28\/1\/144\/35885530\/ocaa224.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/28\/1\/144\/35885530\/ocaa224.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T21:03:03Z","timestamp":1610744583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article\/28\/1\/144\/5961445"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"references-count":127,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-974X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1527-974X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]}}}