{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:17:59Z","timestamp":1774016279183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]],"date-time":"2021-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Over a 31-year span as Director of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), Donald A.B. Lindberg, MD, and his extraordinary NLM colleagues fundamentally changed the field of biomedical and health informatics\u2014with a resulting impact on biomedicine that is much broader than its influence on any single subfield. This article provides substance to bolster that claim. The review is based in part on the informatics section of a new book, \u201cTransforming biomedical informatics and health information access: Don Lindberg and the US National Library of Medicine\u201d (IOS Press, forthcoming 2021). After providing insights into selected aspects of the book\u2019s informatics-related contents, the authors discuss the broader context in which Dr. Lindberg and the NLM accomplished their transformative work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T11:10:47Z","timestamp":1634814647000},"page":"2728-2737","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The roles of the US National Library of Medicine and Donald A.B. Lindberg in revolutionizing biomedical and health informatics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Randolph A","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Professor of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Alexandria, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5201-6176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward H","family":"Shortliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University in the City of New York , New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B1","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Kingsland","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B2","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"van Bemmel","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B3","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Ackerman","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B4","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Humphreys","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B5","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Ackerman","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B6","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Masys","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B7","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Lorenzi","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B8","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Greenes","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B9","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Cimino","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B10","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Kuo","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B11","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"McDonald","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B12","volume-title":"Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine","author":"Mo","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226458144.001.0001","volume-title":"The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (50th Anniversary Edition)","author":"Kuhn","year":"2012"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-6732-7","volume-title":"The History of Medical Informatics in the United States","author":"Collen","year":"2015"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B15"},{"issue":"04","key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634945","article-title":"The unified medical language system","volume":"32","author":"Lindberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.1998.0050001","article-title":"The unified medical language system: an informatics research collaboration","volume":"5","author":"Humphreys","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B18","volume-title":"The NCBI Handbook","author":"Smith","year":"2013","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"10 Pt 2","key":"2022062212505695400_ocab245-B19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Academic information in the academic health sciences center. 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