{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:35:33Z","timestamp":1781606133875,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":244,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N97019P00279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N97019P00279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013017","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013017","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HL7\u00ae fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR\u00ae) specification has emerged as the leading interoperability standard for the exchange of healthcare data. We conducted a scoping review to identify trends and gaps in the use of FHIR for clinical research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed published literature, federally funded project databases, application websites, and other sources to discover FHIR-based papers, projects, and tools (collectively, \u201cFHIR projects\u201d) available to support clinical research activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our search identified 203 different FHIR projects applicable to clinical research. Most were associated with preparations to conduct research, such as data mapping to and from FHIR formats (n\u2009=\u200966, 32.5%) and managing ontologies with FHIR (n\u2009=\u200930, 14.8%), or post-study data activities, such as sharing data using repositories or registries (n\u2009=\u200924, 11.8%), general research data sharing (n\u2009=\u200923, 11.3%), and management of genomic data (n\u2009=\u200921, 10.3%). With the exception of phenotyping (n\u2009=\u200919, 9.4%), fewer FHIR-based projects focused on needs within the clinical research process itself.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Funding and usage of FHIR-enabled solutions for research are expanding, but most projects appear focused on establishing data pipelines and linking clinical systems such as electronic health records, patient-facing data systems, and registries, possibly due to the relative newness of FHIR and the incentives for FHIR integration in health information systems. Fewer FHIR projects were associated with research-only activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FHIR standard is becoming an essential component of the clinical research enterprise. To develop FHIR\u2019s full potential for clinical research, funding and operational stakeholders should address gaps in FHIR-based research tools and methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocac105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T05:26:56Z","timestamp":1657603616000},"page":"1642-1653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["HL7 FHIR-based tools and initiatives to support clinical research: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Stephany N","family":"Duda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee, 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