{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:38:35Z","timestamp":1782909515430,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HS026383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HS026383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2TR001870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2TR001870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>While many case studies have described the implementation of self-scheduling tools, which allow patients to schedule visits and imaging studies asynchronously online, none have explored the impact of self-scheduling on equitable access to care.1 Using an electronic health record patient portal, University of California San Francisco deployed a self-scheduling tool that allowed patients to self-schedule diagnostic imaging studies. We analyzed electronic health record data for the imaging modalities with the option to be self-scheduled from January 1, 2021 to September 1, 2021. We used descriptive statistics to compare demographic characteristics and created a multivariable logistic regression model to identify predictors of patient self-scheduling utilization. Among all active patient portal users, Latinx, Black\/African American, and non-English speaking patients were less likely to self-schedule studies. Patients with Medi-Cal, California\u2019s Medicaid program, and Medicare insurance were also less likely to self-schedule when compared with commercially insured patients. Efforts to facilitate use of patient portal-based applications are necessary to increase equitability and decrease disparities in access.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocac152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T16:48:28Z","timestamp":1662396508000},"page":"2096-2100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Impact of patient portal-based self-scheduling of diagnostic imaging studies on health disparities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Smitha","family":"Ganeshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Logan","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Mourad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8376-6260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy J","family":"Judson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3720-0156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc D","family":"Kohli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0975-0812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anobel Y","family":"Odisho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"William","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.2196\/medinform.3669","article-title":"Adoption, use, and impact of e-booking in private medical practices: mixed-methods evaluation of a two-year showcase project in Canada","volume":"2","author":"Par\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B2","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B3","author":"Health Information Technology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23851","DOI":"10.2196\/23851","article-title":"The state of evidence in patient portals: umbrella review","volume":"22","author":"Antonio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-019-0948-1","article-title":"Patient portal messaging for care coordination: a qualitative study of perspectives of experienced users with chronic conditions","volume":"20","author":"Hefner","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B6"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05117","article-title":"Who isn\u2019t using patient portals and why? Evidence and implications from a national sample of US adults","volume":"37","author":"Anthony","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-015-1233-1","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers to implementing electronic referral and\/or consultation systems: a qualitative study of 16 health organizations","volume":"15","author":"Tuot","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-010-9327-5","article-title":"The digital divide at an urban community health center: implications for quality improvement and health care access","volume":"36","author":"Denizard-Thompson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B10","first-page":"176","author":"Zhang","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6464","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax2342","article-title":"Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations","volume":"366","author":"Obermeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11 Suppl","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S123","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0876","article-title":"Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices","volume":"172","author":"Lyles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa051","article-title":"Rapid design and implementation of an integrated patient self-triage and self-scheduling tool for COVID-19","volume":"27","author":"Judson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-11-318","article-title":"A web-based appointment system to reduce waiting for outpatients: a retrospective study","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e134","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6747","article-title":"Web-based medical appointment systems: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23450","DOI":"10.2196\/23450","article-title":"Impact of web-based self-scheduling on finalization of well-child appointments in a primary care setting: retrospective comparison study","volume":"9","author":"North","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15038","DOI":"10.2196\/15038","article-title":"Using patient portals to improve patient outcomes: systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"JMIR Hum Factors"},{"key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B18","volume-title":"Medicaid and Racial Health Equity","author":"Guth"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"2022111608002322800_ocac152-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocz023","article-title":"Interventions to increase patient portal use in vulnerable populations: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Grossman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/29\/12\/2096\/47027853\/ocac152.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/29\/12\/2096\/47027853\/ocac152.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T08:01:52Z","timestamp":1668585712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article\/29\/12\/2096\/6692401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocac152","relation":{},"ISSN":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1067-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-974X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]}}}