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Given the high attributes of abuse and dependency, prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) were introduced in the United States as a state-level intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using cross-sectional data from the 2019 National Electronic Health Records Survey, we assessed the association between PDMP usage and reduced or eliminated controlled substance prescribing as well as the association between PDMP usage and changing a controlled substance prescription to a nonopioid pharmacologic therapy or nonpharmacologic therapy. We applied survey weights to produce physician-level estimates from the survey sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjusting for physician age, sex, type of medical degree, specialty, and ease of PDMP, we found that physicians who reported \u201coften\u201d PDMP usage had 2.34 times the odds of reducing or eliminating controlled substance prescriptions compared to physicians who reported never using the PDMP (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12\u20134.90). Adjusting for physician age, sex, type of doctor, and specialty, we found that physicians who reported \u201coften\u201d use of the PDMP had 3.65 times the odd of changing controlled substance prescriptions to a nonopioid pharmacologic therapy or nonpharmacologic therapy (95% CI: 1.61\u20138.26).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results support the continued use, investment, and expansion of PDMPs as an effective intervention for reducing controlled substance prescription and changing to nonopioid\/pharmacologic therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, frequent usage of PDMPs was significantly associated with reducing, eliminating, or changing controlled substance prescription patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocad053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T22:44:21Z","timestamp":1680561861000},"page":"1042-1046","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The association between prescription drug monitoring programs and controlled substance prescribing: a cross-sectional study using data from 2019 National Electronic Health Records Survey"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1417-6694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivani","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"William","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Bakar Computational Health Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Prevention Science, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Najera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew S","family":"Pantell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"year":"2019","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","key":"2023051917291850300_ocad053-B1"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"2023051917291850300_ocad053-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2008\/11\/S63","article-title":"Therapeutic opioids: a ten-year perspective on the complexities and complications 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