{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:11:13Z","timestamp":1781248273869,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030898","name":"Canadian Institute for Health Information","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Federal Agency for Occupational Risks"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the feasibility and challenges of mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation in both directions, SNOMED International and the World Health Organization conducted a pilot mapping project between September 2021 and August 2022.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Phase 1 mapped ICD-11 Foundation entities from the endocrine diseases chapter, excluding malignant neoplasms, to SNOMED CT. In phase 2, SNOMED CT concepts equivalent to those covered by the ICD-11 entities in phase 1 were mapped to the ICD-11 Foundation. The goal was to identify equivalence between an ICD-11 Foundation entity and a SNOMED CT concept. Postcoordination was used for mapping to ICD-11. Each map was done twice independently, the results were compared, and discrepancies were reconciled.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In phase 1, 59% of 637 ICD-11 Foundation entities had an exact match in SNOMED CT. In phase 2, 32% of 1893 SNOMED CT concepts had an exact match in the ICD-11 Foundation, and postcoordination added 15% of exact match. Challenges encountered included non-synonymous synonyms, mismatch in granularity, composite conditions, and residual categories.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This pilot project shed light on the tremendous amount of effort required to create a map between the 2 coding systems and uncovered some common challenges. Future collaborative work between SNOMED International and WHO will likely benefit from its findings. It is recommended that the 2 organizations should clarify goals and use cases of mapping, provide adequate resources, set up a road map, and reconsider their original proposal of incorporating SNOMED CT into the ICD-11 Foundation ontology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocae143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T03:38:07Z","timestamp":1718249887000},"page":"1631-1637","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Promoting interoperability between SNOMED CT and ICD-11: lessons learned from the pilot project mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0593-5377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kin Wah","family":"Fung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20894, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20894, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazel","family":"Brear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health Services , Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Health Information , Ottawa, ON K2A 4H6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Authority , Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austen","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Authority , Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arabella","family":"D'Hav\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Agency for Occupational Risks , Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B1","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B2","author":"World Health Organization"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.26719\/2021.27.2.111","article-title":"Improving health and mortality data in Eastern Mediterranean Region countries: implementation of the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11)","volume":"27","author":"Doctor","year":"2021","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19053057","article-title":"ICD-11 morbidity pilot in Kuwait: methodology and lessons learned for future implementation","volume":"19","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B5","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B6","author":"SNOMED International"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B7","author":"SNOMED International"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B8","author":"SNOMED International"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa030","article-title":"The new International Classification of Diseases 11th edition: a comparative analysis with ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM","volume":"27","author":"Fung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01534-6","article-title":"ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century","volume":"21(Suppl 6)","author":"Harrison","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B11","first-page":"378","article-title":"Overview of ICD-11 architecture and structure","volume":"21(Suppl 6)","author":"Chute","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B12","first-page":"267","article-title":"ICD-11 (JLMMS) and SCT inter-operation","volume":"223","author":"Mamou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B13","first-page":"431","article-title":"Representing ICD-11 JLMMS using IHTSDO representation formalisms","volume":"228","author":"Mamou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B14","first-page":"790","article-title":"Semantic alignment between ICD-11 and SNOMED CT","volume":"216","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B15","first-page":"910","article-title":"Scrutinizing SNOMED CT's ability to reconcile clinical language ambiguities with an ontology representation","volume":"247","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B16","first-page":"1043","article-title":"ICD-11 and SNOMED CT common ontology: circulatory system","volume":"205","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B17","author":"SNOMED International"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B18","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B19","author":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO)"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B20","author":"SNOMED International"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B21","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B22","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B23","first-page":"790","author":"Mendonca","year":"1998"},{"key":"2024071907521548900_ocae143-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2019.03.002","article-title":"Using SNOMED CT-encoded problems to improve ICD-10-CM coding-A randomized controlled experiment","volume":"126","author":"Fung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/31\/8\/1631\/58591187\/ocae143.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/31\/8\/1631\/58591187\/ocae143.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T07:52:38Z","timestamp":1721375558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article\/31\/8\/1631\/7692058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocae143","relation":{},"ISSN":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1067-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-974X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]}}}