{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T08:19:47Z","timestamp":1777105187073,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of serious games in improving knowledge and\/or self-management behaviors in young people with chronic conditions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Materials and Methods The authors searched the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, and PsychINFO for articles published between January 1990 and January 2014. Reference lists were hand-searched to retrieve additional studies. Randomized controlled trials that compared a digital game with either standard education or no specific education in a population of children and\/or adolescents with chronic conditions were included.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results The authors identified 9 studies in which the effectiveness of serious games in young people with chronic conditions was evaluated using a randomized controlled trials design. Six studies found a significant improvement of knowledge in the game group from pretest to posttest; 4 studies showed significantly better knowledge in the game group than in the control group after the intervention. Two studies reported significantly better self-management in the game group than in the control group after the intervention. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. For knowledge, pooled estimate of Hedges\u2019 gu was 0.361 (95% confidence intervals, 0.098-0.624), demonstrating that serious games improve knowledge in patients. For self-management, pooled estimate of Hedges\u2019 gu was 0.310 (95% confidence intervals, 0.122-0.497), showing that gaming improves self-management behaviors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions The authors\u2019 meta-analysis shows that educational video games can be effective in improving knowledge and self-management in young people with chronic conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocv100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]],"date-time":"2016-01-15T13:54:49Z","timestamp":1452866089000},"page":"230-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Serious games for improving knowledge and self-management in young people with chronic conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Charlier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven \u2013 University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Zupancic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven \u2013 University of Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Fieuws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven \u2013 University of Leuven, Interuniversity Center for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Denhaerynck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Statistical Consultant, Huldenberg, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bieke","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven \u2013 University of Leuven, Centre for User Experience Research (CUO) \u2013 IBBT Future Health Department, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Moons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven \u2013 University of Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Copenhagen University Hospital, Heart Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"University of Gothenburg, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.104","article-title":"Dynamics of obesity and chronic health conditions among children and youth","volume":"303","author":"Van Cleave","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"9571","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60370-5","article-title":"Adolescents with a chronic condition: challenges living, challenges treating","volume":"369","author":"Sawyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.07.009","article-title":"Readiness to transfer to adult care of adolescents with chronic conditions: exploration of associated factors","volume":"48","author":"van Staa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732311430497","article-title":"The integration of chronic illness self-management","volume":"22","author":"Audulv","year":"2012","journal-title":"Qual Health Res."},{"issue":"19","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.19.2469","article-title":"Patient self-management of chronic disease in primary care","volume":"288","author":"Bodenheimer","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B6","first-page":"204","article-title":"Health education for self-management has significant early and sustained benefits in chronic arthritis","volume":"102","author":"Holman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2601_01","article-title":"Self-management education: history, definition, outcomes, and mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"Lorig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"2020110613014078400_ocv100-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2010.0030","article-title":"Effective intervention or child's play? 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