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This study presents MetaMap Lite, an implementation of some of the basic MetaMap functions in Java. On several collections of biomedical literature and clinical text, MetaMap Lite demonstrated real-time speed and precision, recall, and F1 scores comparable to or exceeding those of MetaMap and other popular biomedical text processing tools, clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System (cTAKES) and DNorm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocw177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,10]],"date-time":"2016-12-10T12:06:12Z","timestamp":1481371572000},"page":"841-844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["MetaMap Lite: an evaluation of a new Java implementation of MetaMap"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Dina","family":"Demner-Fushman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}]},{"given":"Willie J","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}]},{"given":"Alan R","family":"Aronson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634945","article-title":"The Unified Medical Language System","volume":"32","author":"Lindberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med."},{"key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B2","first-page":"197","article-title":"Exploiting a large thesaurus for information retrieval","volume":"94","author":"Aronson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc RIAO."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2009.002733","article-title":"An overview of MetaMap: historical perspective and recent advances","volume":"17","author":"Aronson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc."},{"key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B4","first-page":"763","article-title":"Failure analysis of MetaMap Transfer (MMTx)","volume":"107","author":"Divita","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-015-0871-y","article-title":"NOBLE: Flexible concept recognition for large-scale biomedical natural language processing","volume":"17","author":"Tseytlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2009.001560","article-title":"Mayo clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System (cTAKES): architecture, component evaluation and applications","volume":"17","author":"Savova","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc."},{"issue":"22","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt474","article-title":"DNorm: disease name normalization with pairwise learning to rank","volume":"29","author":"Leaman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"99","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B8","first-page":"133","article-title":"SemEval-2014 Task 7: Analysis of Clinical Text","volume":"199","author":"Pradhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Notes."},{"key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2013.12.006","article-title":"NCBI disease corpus: a resource for disease name recognition and concept normalization","volume":"47","author":"Do\u011fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform."},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-S11-S9","article-title":"The BioScope corpus: biomedical texts annotated for uncertainty, negation and their scopes","volume":"9","author":"Vincze","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000203","article-title":"2010 i2b2\/VA challenge on concepts, assertions, and relations in clinical text","volume":"18","author":"Uzuner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc."},{"key":"2020110612390007700_ocw177-B12","unstructured":"Apache OpenNLP. 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