{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:39:45Z","timestamp":1781822385157,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In 2016, Singapore grappled with one of the largest Zika outbreaks in Southeast Asia. This study examines the use of Facebook for Zika-related outreach by the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the National Environmental Agency (NEA) from March 1, 2015, to September 1, 2016, and public response to this effort. Despite nearly equivalent outreach, MOH\u2019s Facebook posts received more likes (\u00b5\u2009=\u20093.49) and shares (\u00b5\u2009=\u200930.11), whereas NEA\u2019s posts received more comments (\u00b5\u2009=\u20094.55), with NEA posting mostly on prevention (N\u2009=\u200930) and MOH on situational updates (N\u2009=\u200924). Thematic analyses identified prevention-related posts as garnering the most likes (N\u2009=\u20091277), while update-related posts were most shared (N\u2009=\u20091059) and commented upon (N\u2009=\u2009220). Outreach ceased briefly for 2 months after Singapore\u2019s first imported case of Zika, but increased following the outbreak of locally transmitted cases in August 2016. Public engagement was significantly higher during Zika compared with prior haze and dengue outbreaks. The results indicate the value of Facebook as a tool for rapid outreach during infectious disease outbreaks, and as a \u201clistening\u201d platform for those managing the situation. We discuss implications for public health communication research and policy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]],"date-time":"2017-03-13T12:18:30Z","timestamp":1489407510000},"page":"1155-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["What\u2019s buzzing on your feed? Health authorities\u2019 use of Facebook to combat Zika in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Santosh","family":"Vijaykumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rianne Wally","family":"Meurzec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthikayen","family":"Jayasundar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Pagliari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohan","family":"Fernandopulle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198116660310","article-title":"Health risk information engagement and amplification on social media: news about an emerging pandemic on Facebook","volume":"44","author":"Strekalova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav."},{"issue":"6","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004795","article-title":"Digital Participatory Surveillance and the Zika Crisis: Opportunities and Caveats","volume":"10","author":"Pagliari","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B3","first-page":"653","article-title":"Social media and the virality of risk: the risk amplification through media spread (RAMS) model","volume":"12","author":"Vijaykumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Homeland Security EmergManag."},{"issue":"4","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1103591","article-title":"Integrating social media into emergency-preparedness efforts","volume":"365","author":"Merchant","year":"2011","journal-title":"New Engl J Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139701","article-title":"Using social media for actionable disease surveillance and outbreak management: a systematic literature review","volume":"10","author":"Charles-Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019467","article-title":"The use of Twitter to track levels of disease activity and public concern in the US during the influenza A H1N1 pandemic","volume":"6","author":"Signorini","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B7","article-title":"How WhatsApp provided early warning for the Zika outbreak","author":"Thomas","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B8","article-title":"How BBC Ebola WhatsApp service is battling virus and finding great stories","author":"Barot","year":"2015"},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B9","article-title":"Fighting Zika: It needs to get personal","author":"Moong","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B10","article-title":"Singapore a \u2018role model\u2019 in handling Zika outbreak: WHO","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Today Online."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B11","article-title":"First case of Zika virus in Singapore; 48-year-old man who travelled to Sao Paulo","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Straits Times."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B12","article-title":"Singapore hit by first case of locally transmitted Zika virus infection","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Straits Times."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B13","unstructured":"Chew\n              HM\n            \n          . \n381 Zika cases as of Sept 19; new potential cluster in Hougang. The Straits Times. 2016. http:\/\/www.straitstimes.com\/singapore\/environment\/381-zika-cases-as-of-sept-19-new-potential-cluster-in-hougang. Accessed March 22, 2017."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B14","author":"Ministry of Health, Singapore. 2016. https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sghealthministry\/posts\/10154330638365631. Accessed March 23, 2017."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B15","article-title":"Digital in 2016","author":"Kemp","year":"2016","journal-title":"We Are Social."},{"issue":"4","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1933","article-title":"A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication","volume":"15","author":"Moorhead","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1792","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001792","article-title":"Oral susceptibility of Singapore Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) to Zika virus","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.013","article-title":"Public concerns about transboundary haze: a comparison of Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia","volume":"25","author":"Forsyth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Global Environ Change-Human Policy Dimensions."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B19","article-title":"Zika outbreak: All-out effort to protect mums-to-be","author":"Goy","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Straits Times."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B20","first-page":"242","article-title":"Adoption and use of social media among public health departments","volume-title":"BMC Public Health","author":"Thackeray","year":"2012"},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B21","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Detecting themes of public concern: A text mining analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Ebola live Twitter chat","volume-title":"American Journal of Infection Control","author":"Lazard","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.171082","article-title":"Zika: the origin and spread of a mosquito-borne virus","volume":"94","author":"Kindhauser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B23","first-page":"46","article-title":"Health organizations\u2019 use of social media tools during a pandemic situation: An H1N1 flu context","volume":"1","author":"Biswas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J New Commun Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-03-2012-0054","article-title":"A set of metrics to assess stakeholder engagement and social legitimacy on a corporate Facebook page","volume":"37","author":"Bonson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Online Inform Rev."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B25","volume-title":"World Health Organization Outbreak Communication Planning Guide","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pubrev.2014.01.008","article-title":"Public engagement with nonprofit organizations on Facebook","volume":"40","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Relations Rev."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1606-z","article-title":"Epidemic resurgence of dengue fever in Singapore in 2013\u20132014: A virological and entomological perspective","volume":"16","author":"Hapuarachchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0654-0","article-title":"Anxiety, depression, and quality of life in mothers of newborns with microcephaly and presumed congenital Zika virus infection","volume":"19","author":"dos Santos Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health."},{"key":"2020110612360693200_ocx028-B29","article-title":"Just how worried should Singapore be about the Zika outbreak?","author":"Khalik","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Straits Times"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/24\/6\/1155\/34148803\/ocx028.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article-pdf\/24\/6\/1155\/34148803\/ocx028.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T17:42:12Z","timestamp":1604684532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jamia\/article\/24\/6\/1155\/3755279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocx028","relation":{},"ISSN":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1067-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-974X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]]}}}