{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T20:10:40Z","timestamp":1774469440143,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To define the types and numbers of inpatient clinical decision support alerts, measure the frequency with which they are overridden, and describe providers\u2019 reasons for overriding them and the appropriateness of those reasons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional study of medication-related clinical decision support alerts over a 3-year period at a 793-bed tertiary-care teaching institution. We measured the rate of alert overrides, the rate of overrides by alert type, the reasons cited for overrides, and the appropriateness of those reasons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, 73.3% of patient allergy, drug-drug interaction, and duplicate drug alerts were overridden, though the rate of overrides varied by alert type (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). About 60% of overrides were appropriate, and that proportion also varied by alert type (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). Few overrides of renal- (2.2%) or age-based (26.4%) medication substitutions were appropriate, while most duplicate drug (98%), patient allergy (96.5%), and formulary substitution (82.5%) alerts were appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite warnings of potential significant harm, certain categories of alert overrides were inappropriate\u2009&amp;gt;75% of the time. The vast majority of duplicate drug, patient allergy, and formulary substitution alerts were appropriate, suggesting that these categories of alerts might be good targets for refinement to reduce alert fatigue.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Almost three-quarters of alerts were overridden, and 40% of the overrides were not appropriate. Future research should optimize alert types and frequencies to increase their clinical relevance, reducing alert fatigue so that important alerts are not inappropriately overridden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T03:15:01Z","timestamp":1506482101000},"page":"476-481","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Medication-related clinical decision support alert overrides in inpatients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Karen C","family":"Nanji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Diane L","family":"Seger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Sarah P","family":"Slight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK"}]},{"given":"Mary G","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Patrick E","family":"Beeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Qoua L","family":"Her","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Dalleur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Louvain Drug Research Institute and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Tewodros","family":"Eguale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R","family":"Silvers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Swerdloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Salman T","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Nivethietha","family":"Maniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Julie M","family":"Fiskio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Patricia C","family":"Dykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"David W","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Partners HealthCare Systems, Wellesley, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2020110612231444900_ocx115-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000904","article-title":"Evaluation of perioperative medication errors and adverse drug events","volume":"124","author":"Nanji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"issue":"2","key":"2020110612231444900_ocx115-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000198106.54306.D7","article-title":"Medication errors and adverse drug events in an intensive care unit: direct observation approach for 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