{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:35:28Z","timestamp":1778758528853,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]],"date-time":"2018-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01DA037378-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01DA037378-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NNSFC Innovative Team","award":["71621002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71621002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006296","name":"CAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZDRW-XH-2017-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDRW-XH-2017-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006296","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To identify who were social media active e-cigarette users, to compare the use patterns from both survey and social media data for data triangulation, and to jointly use both datasets to conduct a comprehensive analysis on e-cigarette future use intentions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We jointly used an e-cigarette use online survey (n\u2009=\u20095132) and a social media dataset. We conducted analysis from 3 different perspectives. We analyzed online forum participation patterns using survey data. We compared e-cigarette use patterns, including brand and flavor types, ratings, and purchase approaches, between the 2 datasets. We used logistic regression to study intentions to use e-cigarettes using both datasets.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male and younger e-cigarette users were the most likely to participate in e-cigarette-related discussion forums. Forum active survey participants were hardcore vapers. The e-cigarette use patterns were similar in the online survey data and the social media data. Intention to use e-cigarettes was positively related to e-liquid ratings and flavor ratings. Social media provided a valuable source of information on users\u2019 ratings of e-cigarette refill liquids.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>For hardcore vapers, social media data were consistent with online survey data, which suggests that social media may be useful to study e-cigarette use behaviors and can serve as a useful complement to online survey research. We proposed an innovative framework for social media data triangulation in public health studies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We illustrated how social media data, combined with online survey data, can serve as a new and rich information source for public health research.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocy140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T11:46:27Z","timestamp":1539085587000},"page":"9-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Electronic cigarette usage patterns: a case study combining survey and social media data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yongcheng","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Information Systems, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Etter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Leischow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Information Systems, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020110613025263900_ocy140-B1","unstructured":"Hexa Research. E-cigarette Market Analysis By Product (Disposable, Rechargeable, Modular), And Segment Forecasts, 2014\u20132024. 2017. https:\/\/www.hexaresearch.com\/research-report\/e-cigarette-market. Accessed November 6, 2017."},{"key":"2020110613025263900_ocy140-B2","unstructured":"Kaplan\n              J\n            \n          . The U.S. E-Cigarette Market Is the Biggest in the World: Chart. 2016. https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2016\u201306\u201320\/the-u-s-e-cigarette-market-is-the-biggest-in-the-world-chart. Accessed November 6, 2017."},{"key":"2020110613025263900_ocy140-B3","unstructured":"BIS Research. Electronic Cigarette & E Vapor (Vaporizer) Market Research Reports. 2016. https:\/\/bisresearch.com\/industry-report\/electronic-cigarette-market-size-forecast.html. 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