{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T08:27:28Z","timestamp":1751358448871},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]],"date-time":"2019-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Healthcare Research and Quality","award":["1R01HS022894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HS022894"]}]},{"name":"National Library of Medicine Biomedical and Health Informatics Training","award":["T15LM007442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T15LM007442"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inpatients could play an important role in identifying, preventing, and reporting problems in the quality and safety of their care. To support them effectively in that role, informatics solutions must align with their experiences. Thus, we set out to understand how inpatients experience undesirable events (UEs) and to surface opportunities for those informatics solutions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a survey with 242 patients and caregivers during their hospital stay, asking open-ended questions about their experiences with UEs. Based on our qualitative analysis, we developed a conceptual model representing their experiences and identified informatics opportunities to support patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our 4-stage conceptual model illustrates inpatient experiences, from when they first encounter UEs, when they could intervene, when harms emerge, what types of harms they experience, and what they do in response to harms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Existing informatics solutions address the first stage of inpatients\u2019 experiences by increasing their awareness of potential UEs. However, future researchers can explore new opportunities to fill gaps in support that patients experience in subsequent stages, especially at critical decision points such as intervening in UEs and responding to harms that occur.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our conceptual model reveals the complex inpatient experiences with UEs, and opportunities for new informatics solutions to support them at all stages of their experience. Investigating these new opportunities could promote inpatients\u2019 participation and engagement in the quality and safety of their care, help healthcare systems learn from inpatients\u2019 experience, and reduce these harmful events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocz167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T19:30:21Z","timestamp":1567020621000},"page":"202-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Informatics opportunities to involve patients in hospital safety: a conceptual model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shefali","family":"Haldar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}]},{"given":"Sonali R","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}]},{"given":"Ari H","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"}]},{"given":"Wanda","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020110613083482900_ocz167-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i2139.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i2139","article-title":"Medical error\u2014the third leading cause of death in the US","volume":"353","author":"Makary","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020110613083482900_ocz167-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0248","article-title":"Patient participation: current knowledge and applicability to patient safety","volume":"85","author":"Longtin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020110613083482900_ocz167-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2018-008714","article-title":"Every patient should be enabled to stop the line","volume":"28","author":"Bell","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"9","key":"2020110613083482900_ocz167-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2005.0180.x","article-title":"What can hospitalized patients tell us about adverse events? 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