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A theory-based design approach has not been available to push the envelope of the 3D rSAF technique. Herein, a closed-form analytical description of the TRUS-rSAF method is presented for the first time, effectively delineating spatial resolution and grating lobe positions in the radial dimension of a TRUS transducer. We demonstrate a solid optimization workflow based on the theoretical foundation to improve its spatiotemporal resolution, grating lobe artifacts, and signal-to-noise ratio. A specific design criterion was considered to outperform a clinical 3D TRUS imaging as a reference (TRUS-REF), where each radial plane is reconstructed with a single transmittance\/reception event using a motorized actuator. The optimized TRUS-rSAF method significantly enhanced spatial resolution up to 50% over the TRUS-REF method while providing clinically effective temporal resolution (2\u20138 volume\/sec) with negligible grating lobe artifacts. The results indicate that the proposed design approach would enable a novel TRUS imaging solution in clinics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcde\/qwac083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T18:48:36Z","timestamp":1661366916000},"page":"1852-1865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A novel design framework of synthetic radial aperture focusing for volumetric transrectal ultrasound imaging"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hyunwoo","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6678-2744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeeun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emad M","family":"Boctor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA"},{"name":"Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022101416064310500_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/ULTSYM.2015.0517","article-title":"Smartphone-Based Portable Ultrasound Imaging System: Prototype Implementation and Evaluation","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)","author":"Ahn","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022101416064310500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2010.1517","article-title":"Three-dimensional synthetic aperture focusing using a rocking convex array transducer","volume":"57","author":"Andresen","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022101416064310500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2011.1894","article-title":"Synthetic aperture focusing for a single-element transducer undergoing helical motion","volume":"58","author":"Andresen","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022101416064310500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1109\/58.883540","article-title":"A study of synthetic-aperture imaging with virtual source elements in B-mode ultrasound imaging systems","volume":"47","author":"Bae","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022101416064310500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5065391","article-title":"Ultrasonic sector imaging using plane wave synthetic focusing with a convex array transducer","volume":"144","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022101416064310500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2524992","article-title":"Feasibility of swept synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging","volume":"35","author":"Bottenus","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022101416064310500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2011.1810","article-title":"A new synthetic aperture focusing method to suppress the diffraction of ultrasound","volume":"58","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control"},{"key":"2022101416064310500_bib8","first-page":"155","article-title":"Section 3.4.1. 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