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To solve this problem, a hyper-heuristic algorithm based on tabu search is designed in this paper, in which the underlying search operator is selected more efficiently by a high-level heuristic strategy. In addition, the correctness of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by conducting simulation experiments on several benchmark sets. Experiment results are shown as the travel speed of the vehicle increases, the average customer satisfaction in lc1-type instances increases to 0.94. And the impact of urban traffic changes on logistics costs and customer satisfaction is further analyzed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcde\/qwad097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T01:36:21Z","timestamp":1698543381000},"page":"2271-2287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hyper-heuristic algorithm for traffic flow-based vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Computational Sciences, Hangzhou City University , No.48 Huzhou Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015 , China"}]},{"given":"Jinlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology , No. 18 Chaowang Road,Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014 , 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