{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T21:32:32Z","timestamp":1784151152076,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3800205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3800205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The morphological design of urban space affects the quality of the environment. The traditional experience-based design approach was greatly improved by introducing computational design tools. However, the existing urban design tools are mostly developed on pre-set rules or given targets, which have few contributions to enhance creativity or generate inspiring schemes. Therefore, this paper proposes a new computational urban design approach named UDGAN, integrating generative adversarial networks (GANs) and multi-objective optimization algorithms. This model utilizes urban design scheme plans over the past 20 years from a particular designer as training datasets. Four preference models were trained to autonomously generate stylized urban design schemes. Eight morphological parameters were used to analyze the model performance by comparing generated results with the ground truth. This GAN-based surrogate approach is combined with a morphological indicator alignment process using multi-objective optimization model to obtain better results. The result shows that the R2 predicted by the improved Pix2Pix model reaches 0.798, and the similarity of the generated results can be stably distributed between 0.7 and 0.8, so the design scheme of this preferred style can be effectively learned. At the same time, the pre-trained model greatly reduces the time consumption of the design scheme generation, taking 5 min approximately to complete a generation process. This approach quickly generated the design scheme with preferred features, supporting the designer with creativity and greatly saving the time of design creation, transforming computational design into an inspiration-driven process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcde\/qwae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T08:15:15Z","timestamp":1707380115000},"page":"305-324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["UDGAN: A new urban design inspiration approach driven by using generative adversarial networks"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University , Shanghai 230092 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University , Shanghai 200093 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5107-5932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuankai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London , London WC1H0QB , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University , Shanghai 230092 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University , Shanghai 200093 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University , Shanghai 230092 , China"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Theories, Peng Cheng Laboratory , Shenzhen 518000 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041915261898000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s44147-023-00221-9","article-title":"Parameterize walkable urban forms considering perceptual qualities","volume":"70","author":"Abdeldayem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science"},{"key":"2024041915261898000_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-04789-8","article-title":"A comprehensive survey of the grasshopper optimization algorithm: Results, variants, and applications","volume":"32","author":"Abualigah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neural Computing & Applications"},{"key":"2024041915261898000_bib3","first-page":"253","article-title":"CityScope: A data-driven interactive simulation tool for urban design. 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