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Passive strategies, such as optimizing geometry and using nanoparticles, offer promising ways to enhance heat transfer and energy efficiency. This study examines a flow of non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid synthesized by sodium sulfate decahydrate PCM, water, borax stabilizer, and aluminum oxide (Al\u2082O\u2083) nanoparticles subjected to an external magnetic field in an optimized octagonal cavity with plus-shaped fin. Octagonal cavity is heated from below; the remaining walls of the enclosure are thermally insulated. The governing equations are solved numerically using the finite-element method (FEM). Simulations explored the effects of the Casson parameter $\\beta $, Rayleigh number $Ra$, and Hartmann number $Ha$ Casson on flow structure, Nusselt number $( {Nu} )$, and mass Sherwood number $( {Sh} ).\\ $ Results show $\\beta $ and $Ha$ have competing influences. Lower $\\beta $ enhanced convection, raising the mean Nusselt number by \u223c55% versus large $\\beta $, while high $Ha$ suppressed flow and heat transfer. $Ra$ was the dominant factor and increasing $Ra$ shifted the system to convection-dominated regime, strengthening vortices, and significantly improving thermal $( {Nu} )$ and solute $( {Sh} )$ transfer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcde\/qwaf120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T07:06:38Z","timestamp":1762671998000},"page":"161-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing thermal performance in phase change material through nanoparticles and magnetic field in an octagonal cavity with plus-shaped fins"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2801-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shamaila","family":"Samreen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Engineering and Technology Department 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